Induction Agents Flashcards
Which of the following are uses of Propofol (Diprivan)?
a.) IV induction of anesthesia
b.) Oral sedation
c.) IV sedation
d.) TIVA (Total Intravenous Anesthesia)
e.) Pain management
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a.) IV induction of anesthesia
c.) IV sedation
d.) TIVA (Total Intravenous Anesthesia)
What is the standard preparation of Propofol?
A) 10 mg/cc (20cc vial standard), 1% lipid solution
B) 20 mg/cc (10cc vial standard), 2% lipid solution
C) 10 mg/cc (30cc vial standard), 1% lipid solution
D) 5 mg/cc (20cc vial standard), 0.5% lipid solution
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A) 10 mg/cc (20cc vial standard), 1% lipid solution
What is the correct INDUCTION dose of Propofol?
a.) 5 mg/kg IV
b.) 3 mg/kg IV
c.) 1 mg/kg IV
d.) 2 mg/kg IV
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d.) 2 mg/kg IV
What is the correct SEDATION dose of Propofol?
a.) 10 - 50 mcg/kg/min
b.) 25 - 100 mcg/kg/min
c.) 50 - 150 mcg/kg/min
d.) 100 - 225 mcg/kh/min
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b.) 25 - 100 mcg/kg/min
What is the correct TIVA doseage for Propofol?
a.) 25 - 225 mcg/kg/min
b.) 50 - 250 mcg/kg/min
c.) 75 - 275 mcg/kg/min
d.) 100 - 300 mcg/kg/min
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d.) 100 - 300 mcg/kg/min
Which of the following statements about Propofol is correct?
A) It is a controlled substance.
B) It causes pain with IV pushes, which can be mitigated by 1-2% Lidocaine pretreatment.
C) It has a half-life of 2-4 hours.
D) It is poorly titratable.
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B) It causes pain with IV pushes, which can be mitigated by 1-2% Lidocaine pretreatment.
Which statements are true regarding the kinetics of Propofol?
a.) Patient is unconscious in 30 seconds.
b.) Elimination half-life = 0.5 to 1.5 hours.
c.) Protein Binding = 98%.
d.) Context Sensitive Half-Time is less than 40 minutes.
e.) Accumulates significantly with long therapy
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all the above
a.) Patient is unconscious in 30 seconds.
b.) Elimination half-life = 0.5 to 1.5 hours.
c.) Protein Binding = 98%.
d.) Context Sensitive Half-Time is less than 40 minutes.
e.) Accumulates significantly with long therapy
Which of the following are effects of Propofol (Diprivan)?
a.) Acts as a bronchodilator
b.) Increases heart rate
c.) Suppresses the SNS (Sympathetic Nervous System) response to laryngoscopy
d.) Enhances gag reflex
e.) Has anti-nausea properties
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a.) Acts as a bronchodilator
c.) Suppresses the SNS (Sympathetic Nervous System) response to laryngoscopy
e.) Has anti-nausea properties
What is Propofol (Diprivan) particularly effective at doing during laryngoscopy?
A) Enhancing the gag reflex
B) Blunting the laryngeal reflex
C) Increasing sympathetic nervous system response
D) Increasing heart rate
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B) Blunting the laryngeal reflex
Which of the following are rare problems associated with long-term, high-dose Propofol infusions in critically ill adults with head injuries?
a.) Lipidemia
b.) Hepatic encephalopathy
c.) Fatty infiltrates of the liver
d.) Enlarged liver
e.) Metabolic acidosis
f.) Rhabdomyolysis
g.) Myoglobinemia
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a.) Lipidemia
c.) Fatty infiltrates of the liver
d.) Enlarged liver
e.) Metabolic acidosis
f.) Rhabdomyolysis
Which of the following statements about Propofol’s anti-nausea properties are true?
a.) Propofol has anti-nausea properties
b.) It can be used as a rescue in low doses
c.) It is ineffective for nausea control
d.) It should be avoided in patients with a history of motion sickness
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a.) Propofol has anti-nausea properties
b.) It can be used as a rescue in low doses
What is Propofol Infusion Syndrome characterized by?
A) Sudden onset of bradycardia that progresses to asystole and is resistant to treatment
B) Progressive hypotension responsive to vasopressors
C) Sudden onset of tachycardia with chest pain
D) Severe respiratory depression requiring intubation
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A) Sudden onset of bradycardia that progresses to asystole and is resistant to treatment
Which of the following complications are associated with Propofol Infusion Syndrome?
a.) Bradycardia
b.) Asystole
c.) Hypoglycemia
d.) Hypotension
e.) Resistance to treatment
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a.) Bradycardia
b.) Asystole
e.) Resistance to treatment
Which of the following statements about Etomidate’s mechanism of action are true?
a.) Etomidate is a GABA modulator.
b.) It mimics GABA directly.
c.) It requires the presence of GABA to function.
d.) It is structurally similar to midazolam.
e.) The drug becomes highly water-soluble in the body.
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a.) Etomidate is a GABA modulator.
c.) It requires the presence of GABA to function.
d.) It is structurally similar to midazolam.
What is the standard adult dose of Etomidate for induction?
A) 0.1 mg/kg
B) 0.3 mg/kg
C) 1 mg/kg
D) 0.5 mg/kg
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B) 0.3 mg/kg
In which of the following situations is Etomidate typically used?
a.) Cardiovascular instability
b.) Stable patients
c.) Trauma patients
d.) Elderly patients
e.) Routine sedation
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a.) Cardiovascular instability
What is a rare but significant problem associated with Etomidate?
A) Respiratory depression
B) Adrenocortical suppression
C) Liver toxicity
D) Kidney failure
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B) Adrenocortical suppression
Which of the following are true about the adverse effects of Etomidate?
a.) Causes adrenocortical suppression
b.) Suppresses cortisol levels for 4-8 hours
c.) Has a high incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV)
d.) Completely safe for long-term use
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a.) Causes adrenocortical suppression
b.) Suppresses cortisol levels for 4-8 hours
c.) Has a high incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV)
Which of the following statements about Ketamine’s mechanism of action are true?
a.) Ketamine causes dissociative anesthesia.
b.) Ketamine is a potent hypnotic.
c.) It depresses neuronal function in the cortex and thalamus.
d.) Stimulates the limbic system.
e.) Activates opioid receptors and subcortical neurons in the spinal tract.
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a.) Ketamine causes dissociative anesthesia.
c.) It depresses neuronal function in the cortex and thalamus.
d.) Stimulates the limbic system.
e.) Activates opioid receptors and subcortical neurons in the spinal tract.
What is the most common preparation of Ketamine?
A) 1% (10 mg/ml)
B) 5% (50 mg/ml)
C) 10% (100 mg/ml)
D) 0.5% (5 mg/ml)
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B) 5% (50 mg/ml)
