Indonesia/India/Arab Kingdom Flashcards
taqsim
Arab improvisation
maqam
Arab scale
layali
Arab vocal improvisation
leli
“my night” in Arab vocal improvisation
ayni
“my eyes” in Arab vocal improvisation
darabuka
Arab single membrane drum
raga
Indian scale
alap
Indian improvisation
Hindustani influences
Aryan, Indo-European
Karnatak influences
Dravidian, Kannada
tabla
Hindustani drum, 2 drums side by side
mridangam
Karnatak drum, double headed barrel drum
ghatam
Karnatak clay drum
Hindustani instrumentation
Harmonium, singer, bowed st. instrument closely imitating singer, open harp, drone
Karnatak instrumentation
Flute, violin, drone
tambura
drone instrument
sruti-box
electronic drone instrument
Indian melody instruments
sitar, veena, violin
3 main aspects of Indian music
melody line, drone, percussive line
Difference in musical form b/w N/S Indian
Karnatak = alap is shorter
Performance setting of Hindustani music
Palaces
Performance setting of Karnatak music
Temples
bhava
Indian term; emotional state of performer
rasa
Indian term; what the listener feels
guru
Indian teacher
shishya
Indian student
saragam
Indian style of sung syllables; similar to Arab layali
gongan
Indonesian time cycle
Which Indonesian group has a tuning system that creates a quivering sound?
Balinese
Balinese performance setting
Temples
Dynamic/tempo characteristic of Balinese music
Faster, more contrasting dynamics
Dynamic/tempo characteristic of Javanese music
Slower, less dynamic contrast
Javanese performance setting
Courts
balungan
Indonesian term for main melody
saron
Indonesian main melody instrument; metal slabs over resonator
gong ageng
Indonesian punctuating instrument; vertically mounted medium sized gong
kempul
Indonesian punctuating instrument; vertically mounted medium sized gong
ketuk
Indonesian punctuating instrument; horizontally mounted gongs
kenong
Indonesian punctuating instrument; horizontally mounted gongs
bonang
Indonesian elaborating instrument; horizontally mounted small gongs
kendhang
Indonesian laced drums
slendro
Indonesian tuning system containing 5 tones
pelog
Indonesian tuning system containing 7 tones
Indonesian loud style main instrument
bonang
Indonesian soft style instruments
Rebab, suling, gambang, or voice
Classical/Art music
music with rich literature and written music theory, supported by social and economic powers, and music of the ruling class
Arab drum sounds
dumm and takk
nattu-vangam
Indian dance: spoken syllables called out to dancer’s footwork
sangeeta
singing/playing instruments/dancing all together
mrtta
Indian pure dance; tells a musical story; less hand motion and facial expression
nrtya
expressive dance; tells a vocal story
pentatonic
5 tone scale
hexatonic
6 tone scale
heptatonic
7 tone scale
lute
‘ud
Arab flute name
nay
Arab zither name
kanun
Bharata Natyam
south Indian dance tradition
Hindustani drum syllables
solkattu
Karnatac drum syllables
bols
Count 1 of Indian cycle
sam
Hindustani form
alap, jor, gat, jhalla
Karnatak form
alapana, tanam, pallavi, kriti