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Health And The People > Individuels > Flashcards

Individuels Flashcards

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1
Q

When did Flemming make his discovery

A

1928

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2
Q

What triggered Flemming’s discovery

A

Sent to a war hospital and saw antiseptics didn’t prevent infection

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3
Q

How is Flemming’s discovery significant today

A

People now think we have a cure for everything

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4
Q

What did John snow discover

A

The link between dirty drinking water and cholora

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5
Q

How did snow discover his theory

A

Drew a map of where the infected got their drinking water and linked them all to ‘broad street pump’

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6
Q

How did snow stop the spread of cholora

A

Got permission to close broad Street pump and cholora stopped spreading

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7
Q

Did snow know what caused cholora

A

No because it was before Pasteur’s germ theory in 1861

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8
Q

What did Lister discover

A

Carbolic acid

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9
Q

How is Listers discovery significant today

A

All hospitals have soap dispensers everywhere to sanitise the area

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10
Q

When did Lister discover carbolic acid

A

1865

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11
Q

What effect did Listers discovery have at the time

A

Cut down surgical mortality rates from 50% to 15% in 4 years

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12
Q

What did Humphrey Davy invent

A

Safety lamps for minors

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13
Q

What was in Davy’s safety lamps

A

Nitric oxide - laughing gas

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14
Q

What did Davy’s safety lamps do

A

Ignited when they were neer poisonous gases

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15
Q

When was nitric oxide banned and why

A

2015 because incorrect doses can kill someone

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16
Q

What did Simpson discover and which one

A

Anaesthetics - chloroform

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17
Q

When did Simpson make his discovery

A

1847

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18
Q

Why did scientists oppose Simpson at the time (1847)

A

Patients pain let them know the effote the surgeon was giving

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19
Q

Why was Simpsons discovery made nationally accepted

A

In 1853 he used chloroform to deliver Queen Victoria’s 8th baby

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20
Q

Why is Simpsons discovery significant today

A

It’s still used in minor operations like tooth removal

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21
Q

What was wrong with Simpsons discovery at the time (1847)

A

Unknown doses could kill you

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22
Q

What did Paul Erlich come up with

A

Magic bullets

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23
Q

What were magic bullets

A

Specific anti-biotics that would attack specific pathogens

24
Q

What was significant about Paul Erlich’s technique

A

He treated the pathogen and not the symptoms

25
Q

Now was Paul Erlich’s discovery significant

A

It educated other scientists to do the same

26
Q

What year did Paul Erlich find a cure for syphillis (an STI)

A

1909

27
Q

Why was Robert Koch significant

A

Linked specific diseases to specific pathogens

28
Q

When did Robert Koch discover the bacillus that causes TB

A

1882

29
Q

How did Robert Koch discover the bacillus that causes TB

A

Used a methyl violet dye that showed the bacillus under a microscope

30
Q

How did Robert Koch probe his TB discovery

A

Took pictures and showed others

31
Q

What did Louis Pasteur do and when

A

The germ theory in 1861

32
Q

How did Pasteur make his discovery

A

Saw If you left sterilised water in a open flask it would become contaminated but If you left it in a closed flask it would remain sterilised

33
Q

What did Edward Jenner invent

A

Vaccinations

34
Q

When did Jenner make his discovery

A

1798

35
Q

How did Jenner make his discovery

A

Saw milkmades didn’t get smallpox but they got cowpox

36
Q

How did Jenner prove his discovery

A

Injected cowpox into a kid named James and when he recovered he injected him with cowpox and he survived after being ill

37
Q

Why did scientists oppose Jenner

A

They were charging for useless cures and Jenner was vacinating people for free

38
Q

What did people belive about Jenner’s vacinations

A

You would turn into a cow

39
Q

How is Jenner’s discovery significant today

A

It’s a legal requirement to have vacinations agent specific diseases

40
Q

What happened in 1802

A

Government gave Jenner £10.000 to continue his work

41
Q

When did the government make eradicating smallpox a priority and why was it contraversial

A

1853 - it wasn’t enforced

42
Q

When was smallpox declared eradicated

A

1980

43
Q

What did Pare discover

A

Ligatures

44
Q

What was wrong with ligatures

A

Carried germs into wounds - pre 1861

45
Q

How did Pare treat cuts and wounds

A

Used an ointment of egg yolk and herbs

46
Q

How was pare significant at his time

A

Less deaths due to blood loss or trauma of cauterisation

47
Q

How is pare significant today

A

Ligatures still used

48
Q

What did William Harvey discover

A

Blood circulated the body and was pumped by the heart

49
Q

How did Harvey prove his discovery

A

Dissected live cold blooded animals

50
Q

What theory of Galen did Harvey prove wrong

A

Blood was created in the liver and burnt by the body as fuel

51
Q

When did Paré discover ligatures

A

1616

52
Q

Which of pares theory’s did vasalius prove wrong

A

The jaw is in 2 parts and blood passes through the septum

53
Q

What book did vasalius write

A

The fabric of the human body

54
Q

Who illustrated vasalius’s book

A

Lionardo Da Vinci

55
Q

What did vasalius believe

A

Dissection was the key to understanding the human body

Health And The People (3 decks)

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