INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS

Question 1

types of groups

Answer 1

• Family (immediate or extended) and friendship groups
• Sporting and leisure
• Study groups
• Work groups
• Religious groups
• Cultural groups

Question 2

reasons for group formation

Answer 2

• Locality or geography
• Gender
• Shared interest or common goal
• Security
• Sexuality
• Specific need
• Social interaction
• Culture
• Religion

Question 3

roles individuals adopt in groups: task oriented

Answer 3

ensures tasks are achieved, keeps group on track, persistent, tracks contribution

Question 4

roles individuals adopt in groups: task oriented example

Answer 4

expert

Question 5

roles individuals adopt in groups: socioemotional

Answer 5

maintains + builds relationships, develops trust and supports group members

Question 6

roles individuals adopt in groups: socioemotional example

Answer 6

mediator, harmoniser

Question 7

roles individuals adopt in groups: positive / negative

Answer 7

can play destructive or beneficial to group achieving their goals

Question 8

roles individuals adopt in groups: positive / negative example

Answer 8

pos: motivated, interested individual
neg: distracting ,unmotivated individual

Question 9

norms

Answer 9

groups standards in relation to its behaviour and functioning

Question 10

formal norms

Answer 10

norms a governing body has defined and are usually in written form.

Question 11

informal norms

Answer 11

norms in which group members come to a mutual agreement about something

Question 12

conformity

Answer 12

the way in which the group members follow the norms and is essential for the effectiveness of group functioning.

Question 13

cohesiveness

Answer 13

the strength through which the group is held together and means the group members’ bonding or interactions whereby they enable themselves to maintain focus in order to complete a specific task or goal.

Question 14

factors contributing to the role adopted in a group

Answer 14

self esteem 
self confidence
sense of belonging
education
heredity
experience
culture

Question 15

Social factors that influence how group members contribute to the roles they adopt

Answer 15

relationship with group members
attitudes of group members
gender expectations
media

Question 16

observation

Answer 16

qualitative research that is utilised to view individuals or groups in their natural environment

Question 17

observation: adv and disadv

Answer 17

advantages: first hand experience, not reliant on memory, data is rich (including non-verbal communication and physical behaviour)

Question 18

power within groups: power bases - legitimate

Answer 18

a leader has power due to their skills or talents and is in high position due to this

Question 19

power within groups: power bases - legitimate E.G.

Answer 19

school principal

Question 20

power within groups: power bases - reward

Answer 20

leader uses power to either reward or take away something they desire

Question 21

power within groups: power bases - reward E.G.

Answer 21

teacher giving early mark / keeping them in at lunch

Question 22

power within groups: power bases - coercive

Answer 22

leader forcing group members to complete specific actions or tasks