Individualistic - Freud Flashcards
Psychodynamic
[FREUD - THEORY OF CONSCIOUSNESS]
Psychodynamic Theories
Explain the key idea of Psychodynamic theories
Our behaviour and feelings as adults are rooted in our childhood
Importance of memories and traumatic experiences that occurred during childhood.
These experiences are stored in the unconscious part of the mind.
[FREUD - THEORY OF CONSCIOUSNESS]
Psychodynamic Theories
Keyword: Explain what Neuroticism means
Neuroticism - people that tend to have more depressive moods and suffer from feelings of guilt, anxiety, anger and envy
[FREUD - THEORY OF CONSCIOUSNESS]
Psychodynamic Theories
What are the 3 levels of the ‘Iceberg Analogy’
1.Conscious mind
2.Pre-conscious mind
3.Unconscious mind
[FREUD - THEORY OF CONSCIOUSNESS]
Psychodynamic Theories
Explain what the 3 levels of the ‘Iceberg Analogy
- Conscious mind - everything we were aware of. Everyday thoughts and perceptions. The ‘now’ in our mind.
- Pre-conscious mind - Ordinary memory. We can retrieve these memories if we think hard enough.
- Unconscious mind - Hidden feelings & memories. Trauma and unpleasant memories.
[FREUD - THEORY OF CONSCIOUSNESS]
Psychodynamic Theories
Explain how the unconscious mind can cause criminality
Repressed memories - repressed feelings is a product of our unconscious desires which build up and cause an outburst of criminal behaviour
[FREUD - THEORY OF CONSCIOUSNESS]
Psychodynamic Theories
What can repressed feelings lead to?
Anxiety
Trauma
Low self-esteem
[FREUD - THEORY OF PERSONALITY]
Psychodynamic Theories
Explain the three parts that our personality is divided into
They should all be balanced otherwise it can lead to criminality.
Id: Instincts [PLEASURE PRINCIPLE]
Selfish, primitive, sex and other forms of pleasurable activities.
May lead to aggression and violence.
Ego: Reality [REALITY PRINCIPLE]
Practical and realistic, reduces conflict between Id and SuperEgo.
SuperEgo: Morality [MORALITY PRINCIPLE]
Responsible for feelings of guilt and shame.
[FREUD - THEORY OF PERSONALITY]
Psychodynamic Theories
Explain the Ego’s defence mechanisms
Repression - Disturbing thoughts pushed to unconscious mind
Regression - Returning to early stage in life to cope with a situation
Displacement - The unconscious feeling are pushed onto another object
[FREUD - THEORY OF PERSONALITY]
Psychodynamic Theories
Explain how psychodynamic theories causes criminality
If a child has a traumatic experience and cannot move from the pleasure principle (Id dominant) to the reality principle (ego dominant) then these feelings are hidden far beneath the surface in the unconscious level of the mind and will ‘bubble’ under the surface as an adult until one day it ‘erupts’ just like a volcano.
[[CHILDREN NEED TO PROGRESS FROM THE PLEASURE PRINCIPLE, WHERE THE ID DOMINATES, TO THE PLEASURE PRINCIPLE, WHERE THE EGO DOMINENTS IN A RATIONAL WAY]]
[FREUD - THEORY OF PERSONALITY]
Psychodynamic Theories
Explain what would happen if the Id dominates
Mind is uncontrollable
Criminality takes place
Need to gratify the pleasure principle
Leads to uninhibited sexual behaviour and destructive tendencies
[FREUD - THEORY OF PERSONALITY]
Psychodynamic Theories
Explain what would happen if the SuperEgo dominates
Moralistic
Judgemental
Unable to experience pleasure principle which can build up over time
[FREUD - THEORY OF PERSONALITY]
Psychodynamic Theories
Explain what would happen if the Ego dominates
Desires a rigid and fixed lifestyle
Incapable of change
Conflicts can arise and psychological disorders may result if ego fails to balance the demands of Id and SuperEgo
[FREUD]
Psychodynamic Theories
Explain 3 strengths of Freud’s Psychodynamic Theory
+ Talking therapies and hypnosis therapies are successful in many ways (Psychodynamic theories)
+ Id ideas can link to the limbic system. Pre-frontal cortex is responsible for rational decision making - like the ego
+ Psychodynamic theories show the importance of childhood trauma & the link to criminality
[FREUD]
Psychodynamic Theories
Explain 3 weaknesses of Freud’s Psychodynamic Theory
- Lacks scientific and objective interpretation (Subjective process - psychoanalysis can come to different conclusions)
- Lacks quantitative data
-Ignores social learning or biological theories
[FREUD]
Psychodynamic Theories
Explain the application to criminality
How repressed memories and thoughts can lead an out burst, resulting in criminality
