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The Musculoskeletal System > Individual muscles > Flashcards

Individual muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Biceps brachii

A 
Muscle Action:
● Flex the elbow.
● Supination of the 
forearm.
● Flex the shoulder

Origin point - Anterior of the scapula.

Insertion Point - Upper radius.

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2
Q

Triceps brachii

A 
Muscle Action
● Extension of the elbow.
● Extension of the 
shoulder.
● Abduction of the 
shoulder.

Origin point - Posterior upper humerus and scapula.

Insertion Point - Upper ulna.

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3
Q

Deltoid

A

Muscle Action
All fibers
● Abduct the shoulder.
Anterior fibers

● Flex, medially rotate and
horizontally adduct the
shoulder.

Posterior fibers
● Extend, laterally rotate
and horizontally abduct
the shoulder.

Origin point - Clavicle and scapula.

Insertion point - Upper humerus.

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4
Q

Trapezius - Upper fibres

A 
Muscle action
● Extend the head and 
neck.
● Laterally flex the head 
and neck to the same 
side.
● Rotate the head and 
neck.
● Elevate the scapula. ● Upwardly rotate the 
scapula.
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5
Q

Trapezius - middle fibers

A

Muscle Action
● Adduct the scapula.
● Stabilize the scapula

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6
Q

Trapezius - Lower fibers

A

Muscle Action
Depress the scapula.

Upwardly rotate the
scapula.

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7
Q

Trapezius

A

Origin point - Base of skull, spinous processes of C7-T12.

Insertion point - Lateral clavicle and upper surface of the scapula

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8
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A 
Muscle Action
● Adduction of the 
shoulder.
● Extension of the 
shoulder.
● Internal rotation of the 
shoulder.

Origin point - Lower 7 thoracic vertebrae, inferior angle of the scapula, thoracolumbar fascia and the iliac crest.

Insertion point - Anterior upper Humerus.

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9
Q

Teres Major

A 
Muscle Action
● Adduction of the 
shoulder.
● Extension of the 
shoulder.
● Internal rotation of the 
shoulder.

Origin point - Inferior angle of the scapula.

Insertion point - Crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus.

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10
Q

Rhomboid major and minor

A 
Muscle Action
● Adduct of the scapula.
● Elevation of the scapula.
● Downwardly rotate the 
scapula.

Origin point - Spinous process C7-T5.

Insertion point - Medial border and inferior angle of scapula.

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11
Q

Pectoralis major

A 
Muscle Action
All fibres
● Adduction of the 
shoulder.
● Medial rotation of the 
shoulder.
Upper fibres
● Flex the shoulder. ● Horizontally adduct 
shoulder.
Lower fibres
● Extend shoulder.

Origin point - Clavicle, sternum and cartilage of first to sixth ribs.

Insertion point - Head of humerus

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12
Q

Pectoralis minor

A

Muscle Action
● Depressions of the
scapula.
● Retraction of the scapula.

Origin point - Anterior surface of 3rd-5th Ribs.

Insertion point - Coracoid process of the Scapula.

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13
Q

Levator Scapula

A 
Muscle Action
● Elevation of the shoulder 
girdle.
● Lateral flexion of the neck.
● Extension of the neck.

Origin point - Transverse processes of C1-C4.

Insertion point - Superior angle of the scapula.

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14
Q

Rotator Cuff

A

Muscle Action
Teres minor
● Adduction, external rotation and stabilisation of the shoulder joint.

Infraspinatus
● Adduction, horizontal extension, external rotation and stabilisation of the shoulder joint.

Supraspinatus
● Abduction and stabilisation of the shoulder joint.

Subscapularis
● Internal rotation, adduction and stabilisation of the shoulder joint.

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15
Q

Quadriceps

A 
Muscle Action
All fibres
● Extension of the knee.
Rectus femoris
● Flexion of the hip.
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16
Q

Hamstrings

A 
Muscle Action
All fibres
● Extension of the hip.
● Flexion of the knee.
● Tilt the pelvis posteriorly.
Biceps femoris longus
● External rotation of the hip.
17
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Muscle Action
● Plantarflexion of the
ankle.
● Flexion of the knee.

Origin point - Posterior, lower femur

Insertion point - Calcaneus.

18
Q

Soleus

A

Muscle Action
● Plantarflexion of the
ankle.

Origin point - Upper posterior femur.

Insertion point - Calcaneus.

19
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

Muscle Action

● Dorsiflexion of the ankle.
● Inversion of the ankle.

Origin point - Lateral upper tibia.

Insertion point - 1st metatarsal and medial tarsal.

20
Q

Psoas major

A

Muscle Action

 Flex the hip. 
● Externally rotates the 
hip.
● Flexes the spine. 
● Tilts the pelvis anteriorly.

Origin point - Bodies of the transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae.

Insertion point - Upper femur.

21
Q

Iliacus

A

Muscle Action

● Flex the hip.
● Externally rotates the
hip.

Origin point - Iliacus fossa.

Insertion point - Upper femur.

22
Q

Erector spinae group

A

● Extension and lateral flexion of the spine.

23
Q

Rectus abdominis

A

Muscle Action

● Flex the vertebral column.
● Tilt pelvis posteriorly.

Origin point - Pubic crest, pubic symphysis.

Insertion point - Cartilage of 5th, 6th & 7th ribs and the xiphoid process.

24
Q

Transverse abdominis

A

Muscle Action
● Compress the abdominal contents.

Origin point - Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, surface of lower 6 ribs & thoracolumbar fascia.

Insertion point - Abdominal aponeurosis to the linea alba.

25
Q

External oblique

A

Muscle Action

● Laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side.
● Rotate the vertebral column to the opposite side.
● Flex the vertebral column.
● Compress the abdominal contents.

Origin point - External surfaces of 5th to 12th ribs.

Insertion point - Anterior part of the iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis to
linea alba

26
Q

Internal oblique

A

Muscle Action

● Laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side.
● Rotate the vertebral column to the same side.
● Flex the vertebral column.
● Compress the abdominal contents.

Origin point - Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia.

Insertion point - Internal surface of lower 3 ribs, abdominal aponeurosis to
linea alba.

27
Q

Piriformis

A

Muscle Action
● Internal rotation the hip.
● Abduction the hip with the hip is flexed.

Origin point - Anterior surface of the sacrum.

Insertion point - Superior aspect of the greater trochanter

28
Q

Tensor fascia latae

A

Muscle Action
● Flexion of the hip.
● Abduction of the hip.

Origin point - Anterior iliac crest.

Insertion point - Lateral upper tibia via Iliotibial band.

29
Q

Sartorius

A

Muscle Action

● Flexion of the hip. 
● Abduction of the hip. 
● External rotation of the hip.
● Flexion of the knee. 
● Internal rotation of the knee.

Origin point - Anterior, superior Iliac Spine.

Insertion point - Medial, upper tibia.

30
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

Muscle Action
● Extension of the hip.
● Abduction of the hip.
● Lateral rotation of the hip.

Origin point - Coccyx, edge of sacrum, posterior iliac crest, sacroiliac and
sacrotuberous ligaments.

Insertion point - Head of the femur and Iliotibial tract.

31
Q

Gluteus medius

A

Muscle Action

● Abduction of the hip.
● Internal rotation of the hip.

Origin point - Lateral surface of Ilium.

Insertion point - Lateral surface of greater trochanter of the femur.

32
Q

Gluteus minimus

A

Muscle Action
● Abduction of the hip.
● Internal rotation of the hip.

Origin point - Lateral surface of Ilium.

Insertion point - Anterior surface of greater trochanter of the femur.

33
Q

Adductor magnus

A

Muscle Action
● Adductor of the hip.
● Internal rotation of the hip.
● Extension of the hip.

Origin point - Base of pubis and ischium.

Insertion point - Mid to lower femur.

34
Q

Adductor longus

A

Muscle Action
● Adduction of the hip.
● Internal rotation of the hip.

Origin point - Anterior pubis.

Insertion point - Mid femur.

35
Q

Adductor brevis

A

Muscle Action
● Adduction of the hip.
● Internal rotation of the hip.

Origin point - Anterior superior pubis.

Insertion point - Upper femur.

36
Q

Pectineus

A

Muscle Action
● Adduction of the hip.
● Flexion of the hip.

Origin point - Anterior superior pubis.

Insertion point - Upper femur

37
Q

Gracilis

A

Muscle Action

● Adduction of the hip.
● Internal rotation of the hip.
● Flexion of the knee.

Origin point - Anterior inferior pubis.

Insertion point - Medial upper tibia.

The Musculoskeletal System (6 decks)

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