Individual Differences

Question 1

Eysenck’s criminal personality

Answer 1

theory that argues that criminals have a particular personality type

Question 2

Kohlberg’s (1969)

Answer 2

theory of moral reasoning was developed after an interview of boys and men and their moral reasoning. He created a stage theory of moral development which increasingly advanced to a form of moral understanding.

Question 3

McGurk and McDougall (1981)

Answer 3

used a personality questionnaire based on Eysenck’s theory and administered it to 100 college students that they had identified as “delinquent” and 100 students who were not delinquent.

Question 4

Cochrane, 1974

Answer 4

Perhaps traits such as extraversion and psychoticism may be found more often in criminal populations because a criminal lifestyle causes changes to personality.
Prisoners score highly on psychoticism and neuroticism, but not necessarily on extraversion

Question 5

Aiste Justye (2014)

Answer 5

• Showed emotionally ambiguous faces to 55 antisocial and violent criminals in prison matching their response to a matched group.

Question 6

Holin et al (2002)

Answer 6

Found that crimes are more likely to be committed by people at a lower level of moral development, so offenders are characteristically less mature with regards to their moral reasoning than non - offenders.