Individual Diffences, Personality Type

Question 1

How many types of personality are there?

Answer 1

4

Question 2

What are the characteristics of type A personality?

Answer 2

• hostile, aggressive , easily irritated , competitive

- high risk of hypertension + CVD’s

Question 3

What are the characteristics of type B?

Answer 3

• none competitive - less hostile
• low stress= good health
• relaxed
• self confident

Question 4

What are the characteristics of type C?

Answer 4

• sensitive
• thoughtful
• focus on perfection
• serious
• hardworking
• prone to cancer, depression and immunosuppression

Question 5

What are the characteristics of type D?

Answer 5

• likes routine
• doesn’t like responsibility
• highly obedient
• worry
• not confident
• fear rejection
• emotions
• prone to CVD - 53% of cardiac patients are thought to have type D personality.

Question 6

Name research into type A?

Answer 6

Matthews and Hayes - corony heart disease- most associated with hostility trait in type A men.

• high levels of hostility =CVD.

Question 7

Give an evaluative point into A+B personality?

Answer 7

❌ type A seen to be too general in its problems - nomothetic (general laws)

• argued traits should be looked at individually and how they cause stress and health problems.

Question 8

Name research into type C?

Answer 8

Morris

• women repress emotions when stress which can cause cancer. Due to lowering immune system.

Question 9

Name research into type D personality?

Answer 9

Denollet

• 53% of cardiac patients the have type D personality

4x more likely to have a sudden cardiac death.

Question 10

Name evaluation for the personality types.

Answer 10

❌ unethical - putting women with cancer under more stress is not fair .

✅ practical applications - help to reduce cancer in women.

Question 11

What is hardiness and who created it?

Answer 11

Kobasa

• looked at people in stressful
  Jobs. Who became ill and who didn’t. To create a hardy personality
• 3 things considered
  1. Comittment - have a sense of purpose
  2. Control - in control of what they are doing
  3. Challenge - people who see stress as a challenge to overcome.

Question 12

What was the research into the hardiness personality?

Answer 12

Kobasa

800 business executives

• people with same stress had different illness levels - tested on the SRRS
• low illness had the characteristics of hardiness