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Palawan Studies > Indigenous Cultural Communities in Palawan > Flashcards

Indigenous Cultural Communities in Palawan Flashcards

1
Q

3 major Palawan groups.

A

Batak
Tagbanua
Palaw’an

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2
Q

Said to be an old Cuyunon term which means “mountain people”; smallest of the three major Palawan groups; appear to be the most
endangered, their population having progressively decreased over the years.

A

Batak

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3
Q

3 food sources of paramount importance to Bataks

A

Honey
Wild yam
Wild pig

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4
Q

Characterize the relationship between panya’en and forest animals; is closer to the notion that the spirits are the caretakers or are responsible for these resources, than to the notion of actual ownership in its strict legal sense.

A

Epet

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5
Q

Before marriage, the boy with his father or elder relatives will attend this for a consultation about the prospective marriage partner with her elder and family of the groom consensus of the elders that marriage should be consecrated is honored.

A

Surigiden

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6
Q

Happens when the bride’s parents will ask a certain amount from the groom as sign of guarantee; the groom also will provide the elders who witnessed in the Surugiden a certain amount as gratitude and thanks to their presence.

A

Bandi

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7
Q

Process to determine if the parents of the boy agree to his marriage to a chosen girl; usually, the parents of the boy will bring an elder or “Ginoo”, to witness the conversation and final agreement between both sides. The “Ginoo” as witness is usually a member of the recognized traditional leadership.

A

Alyog

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8
Q

a fine upon a son-in-law who committed disobedience of his in-laws twice.

A

Liwag

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9
Q

A fine upon a boy given to the parents of the girl who has been deflowered by him. Marriage will follow.

A

Fine

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10
Q

The Batak honey festival marking the onset of seasonal honey gathering, usually done in the month of March. The purpose is to make bee colonies to produce plenty of honey. This ritual is traditionally done by their baylan. They will also effect “Tambay ceremony to ask for rain if there is long dry-season and to ask for sunlight if there is long rainy season. In the ceremony they will offer live chicken for the spirits.

A

Lambay

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11
Q

A ritual performed by the baylan for the kaingero, prior to field clearing, to give respect to the goddess spirits within the forest, considering that the Batak believe that big trees are homes of forest spirits; in this process they will talk to the said spirits to ask permission to clear the area; if, within three days and nights they could not dream of any signs of disagreement, then clearing will be done, if there is, then they will not pursue the clearing.

A

Sagkat

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12
Q

Learned by all Batak as part of their socialization experiences; enables them to speak with some precision about virtually any location within their ancestral domain; the names are used daily, singly or in combination, to talk about all sorts of subsistence-related activities.

A

Geo-environmental System

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13
Q

Bataks’ way to catch fish by using natural plant poisons from vines; a practice known throughout Palawan and the Visayas.

A

Tubli

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14
Q

Still cling to an ancient form of syllabic writing which originated from South India; share
with all coastal peoples in the Philippines a remarkably similar social and cultural heritage.

A

Tagbanua

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15
Q

Was carried into the Philippines by Indonesians during the proto-historic period; has close relation to the script used by the Tagalog and
many other coastal people in the Islands at Spanish contact.

A

Tagbanua script

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16
Q

Is conceived vaguely as an infinitely high canopy
which encloses all celestial phenomena familiar to man.

A

Sky-world (langit)

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17
Q

A deity who sits on the edge of this Sky-cover with his feet dangling into the universe.

A

Tungkuyanen

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18
Q

The region between the sky world and
the earth which also includes the area of the
effulgence of the sunset and sunrise; where dwells the highest ranking deity.

A

Awan awan

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19
Q

The religious functionaries who are perhaps best described as “mediums”, exert
considerable influence upon the daily life of the people; invariably “high blood”, as would be
anticipated, who also possess powerful charms which can influence the social, religious, economic, and political well-being of the people.

A

Babaylan

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20
Q

The focal point of Tagbanua life; its activities embody traditional sentiments and contribute to their persistence; also a “curing séance” when the people, particularly children, are treated for sickness through the soul-relatives of the mediums.

A

Pagdiwata ritual

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21
Q

A Tagbanua song which is sung exclusively by the babaylan; has also its specific spirit relative and environmental deities; called as the kanta it diwata.

A

Turon

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22
Q

Soft rice baskets that is one of Tagbanua’s handicrafts.

A

Bayong-bayong

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23
Q

Own soul of rice plants that the Tagbanuas belived in.

A

Kalag

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24
Q

Descendants of the Tabon man who started the civilization not only in Palawan but also in the Philippines;belongs to the large Manobo based ethnolinguistic groups of the southern
Philippines; original homes were located in
the interior regions of South Apuruan on the west coast and south of Abo-Abo on the east coast.

A

Palaw’an

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25
Q

4 ethnolinguistic subgroups of Palawan.

A

Quezon Palawan
Bugsuk Palawano
Brooke’s Point Palawano
Southwest Palawano

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26
Q

The supreme deity, lord, and owner, the creator of all things in the world; also referred as Ampu; master who wove the world and created several kinds of humanity, hence, he is also called Nagsalad (the weaver); he is a protective watching presence who lives in his abode Andunawan.

A

Empuq

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27
Q

Benevolent and protective deity who stays in the median space called Lalangaw, the mediator between humans and the supreme deity

A

Diwata

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28
Q

The lady- goddess of the monsoon winds.

A

Linamin at Barat

29
Q

The master of rice.

A

Ampu at Paray

30
Q

The lady-goddess of the dry season.

A

Linamin at Bulag

31
Q

Spirits of all Beljan (shamans), able to travel to the vertical universe, divided into fourteen different layers, in order to heal the world and to re- establish cosmic balance, also referred to as Balyan.

A

Beljan

32
Q

Grandfather god of thunder.

A

Upu Kuyaw

33
Q

A subgroup of the Palaw’an group living in Singnapan Valley in southern Palawan; stay inside caves during the rainy season and come out to engage in kaingin farming during the dry season; familiar with certain concepts of the market system such as wages, labor and money.

A

Tau’t bato (people of rock)

34
Q

AS DESCRIBED BY THE TAU’T BATO MEN, IS JUST A BIT SMALLER THAN A FULL GROWN CHICKEN; THE LYRICS, ON THE OTHER HAND, ARE BASED ON WHAT THEY THINK AND FEEL AT DIFFERENT SITUATIONS; THEY USUALLY SING WHILE WATCHING THE MOVEMENT OF THE BIRDS AND OTHER ANIMALS AND DURING MERRY-MAKING.

A

Tanguk

35
Q

TELLS A STORY OF A BIRD CALLED “LIMUKON”, SIMILAR TO A PIGEON DOVE, FOUND BY A MAN NEAR A WELL. THE MAN WANTS TO HOLD THE BIRD BUT THE BIRD TELLS HIM SHE DOESN’T WANT TO BE TOUCHED EMPARAY, THE MAN (IN THE PICTURE ON THE RIGHT) WHO SINGS THE SONG TELLS THE LISTENERS THAT LONG AGO, BIRDS AND MEN CAN TALK WITH ONE ANOTHER.

A

Lantigil

36
Q

IT IS A GENERAL TERM FOR SONGS THAT ARE SUNG BY MORE THAN TWO SINGERS AND THE LYRICS ARE DONE IN A CONVERSATIONAL MANNER; THE FIRST SINGER SPONTANEOUSLY EXPRESSES HIS THOUGHT THROUGH THE SONG AND THE SECOND SINGER RESPONSES TO THE FIRST AND SO ON.

A

Kandidi

37
Q

THIS IS A LULLABY SONG USUALLY ACCOMPANIED BY A WIND INSTRUMENT CALLED A “SULING, THE LYRICS IS ALSO PALAWAN WHICH MEANS “SLEEP NOW MY CHILD, MOTHER STILL HAS WORK TO DO.

A

Kulilal

38
Q

Jaw harp instrument made of bamboo.

A

Kubing

39
Q

Guitar instrument with 2 cords only.

A

Kudlong

40
Q

Instrument made of bamboo with 13 cords.

A

Pagang

41
Q

Instrument made of bamboo that is blown to produce sounds.

A

Aruding

42
Q

SOMETIMES CALLED SAPA-SAPA, 15 PERFORMED ALL NIGHT DURING THEIR “BASAL” CELEBRATION OR IN SOCIAL GATHERINGS, RELIGIOUS AND FESTIVAL ACTIVITIES AND THANKSGIVING CELEBRATION FOR A GOOD HARVEST.

A

Tarek

43
Q

A RITUAL OF THE TAU’T BATO THAT SIGNIFIES THEIR HEALING AND THANKSGIVING ACTIVITY FOR THE RECOVERY OF THEIR SICK RELATIVES.

A

Pagtatarok

44
Q

Active islanders who are trade-oriented Muslims; to the Christianized peoples of the
Philippines, they are known with the other muslim groups simply and exonymically as “Moros.”

A

Jama Mapun (Casiño)

45
Q

Lowland dwellers of Agutaya island who also call themselves as Palaweños; most likely to be found in the northern part of the province of Palawan such as Agutaya Island, Municipality of Roxas, Municipality of San Vicente, Municipality of Brooke’s Point, Municipality of Taytay, and Linapacan. They may also be occasionally spotted in Manila, the capital city of the Philippines.

A

Agutaynen

46
Q

What family do the Agutaynon people belong to?

A

Malayo-Polynesians

47
Q

What is the primary religion practiced by Aguytanen?

A

Roman Catholicism

48
Q

Ethnic group of Palawan from the municipality of Cuyo; considered as elite class within natives.

A

Cuyunon

49
Q

4 subgroups of Cuyunon.

A

Paraguanen
Poroanen
Mestiso
Lakto

50
Q

Subgroup of Cuyunon that settled mostly in mainland Palawan.

A

Paraguanen

51
Q

Subgroup of Cuyunon that settled mostly in the islands and islets of Palawan.

A

Poroanen

52
Q

Subgroup of Cuyunon that are usually half Chinese or Spanish.

A

Mestiso

53
Q

Subgroup of Cuyunon that didn’t accept Catholicism and lived as Animists.

A

Lakto

54
Q

Colonized Cuyo and convert the population to Catholicism.

A

Cone de San Agustin

55
Q

All male ensembles of drummers and tipano which includes a clown; paint their faces and wear headdress from chicken; number a several groups because each barrio has its own participation; they would dance in front of a saint in a war-like instance; represents barbarians and savages.

A

Ati-ati

56
Q

Larger than the ati-ati and is more refined & sophisticated; a musical and verse parody; only the rich can afford this; celebrated during the month of August.

A

Comedia

57
Q

They serenade each house for free; dances for five centavo a dance; enjoyed by male oligarchs and mass.

A

Tambura

58
Q

Similar to ati-ati; features half-naked males as Indians.

A

Sinulog

59
Q

Group of 10 dancers that sing in vernacular; wears coconut fiber masks; a clown is always present.

A

Inocentes

60
Q

Contrast to Sinulog; movements are graceful and the music is touching & exotic; they dance in pondo-pondo; they sing and recite bersos; women wear patadiong and men dress like Indians.

A

Sayaw

61
Q

Derived from the word ‘malubog’ meaning “murky or turbid water”; also known as Malebugan or Malebuganon; earliest inhabitants of Balabac; migrants from Northern part of Borneo.

A

Molbog

62
Q

Offspring of intermarriages between Tausugs and Molbogs.

A

Kolibugan (half-breed)

63
Q

A dance ritual for offering healing; usually done to enactment of planting activity in a slash-burn farm which also includes their other forms of livelihood and survival in the mountains.

A

Tarok

64
Q

A form of ritual usually executed during wedding and thanksgiving where they provide offering to their deities and other supernatural beings.

A

Pang-alay

65
Q

Made from the pulp of bamboo grass, which is spun and dyed for weaving into cloth.

A

Bamboo fabric

66
Q

Traditional Molbog delicacies that can be eaten at any time of day; common in Sulu, Tawi-Tawi, Borneo, and Malaysia

A

Ja and Pinyaram

67
Q

The primary religion practiced by the molbog it is a syncretistic belief system that blends traditional elements of islam with superstitious practices such as warding off spirits with incantations and magic amulets, and reciting verses of the quran to bring about miraculous healings.

A

Folk Islam

68
Q

Molbog member/women who alternative to doctor she is in charge all throughout their women pregnancy, before, during, and after delivery. Pregnant women follow the panday’s advice to ensure safe delivery of their babies.

A

Panday

Palawan Studies (9 decks)

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