Indigenous

Question 1

Sixties Scoop

Answer 1

The 1951 amendments gave provinces jurisdiction over Indigenous child welfare. This led to the “Sixties Scoop’’, a process by which provincial child welfare agencies chose to remove children from their homes rather than provide community resources and support

Question 2

Prime Minister John Diefenbaker

Answer 2

Conservative Prime Minister John Diefenbaker’s Bill of Rights stated Indigenous peoples could no longer be denied the right to vote

Question 3

The Williams Treaty

Answer 3

20,000 square kilometers of land in exchange for a one-time cash payment of $25 per person

Question 4

When was The Williams Treaty signed?

Answer 4

Between October 31 and November 7, 1923

Question 5

Council

Answer 5

Indian Agents exercised authority over Indigenous local government affairs. They conducted band council elections, recorded the results and presided over band council meetings. Indian agents made decisions regarding band members’ access to relief, housing, property or loans

Question 6

The Gradual Civilization Act

Answer 6

The Gradual Civilization act of 1857 was primarily aimed at removing any special distinction of first nations people in order to assimilate them into the larger settler population

Question 7

Liberal

Answer 7

• First passed in 1876, The Royal Indian act received royal assent under a liberal government headed by prime minister Alexander McKenzie.
• In 1969 liberal prime minister Trudeau declared his intention to eliminate Indian status and the department of Indian affairs

Question 8

Fish

Answer 8

Bond Head treaties, Robinson Treaties, allowed for first nations to fish and hunt on the land

Question 9

1951 Amendments made to the Indian Act

Answer 9

• The government of Canada consulted with indigenous communities for the very first time about the indian act.
• It removed some of the most offensive political, cultural, and religious restrictions.
• Gave the provinces jurisdiction over indigenous child welfare.
• Elsie Marie Knott was able to become the first elected female indigenous chief in Canada.
• But amendments still did not overturn discriminatory indian status

Question 10

1927

Answer 10

Indian act made it illegal for indigenous peoples to hire lawyers or bring about land claims against the government without the government’s consent

Question 11

Consulted

Answer 11

The government of Canada broke with tradition and in a joint committee process, consulted with indigenous communities for the very first time ever about changes to the Indian act in 1951

Question 12

Jurisdiction

Answer 12

1951 amendments to the Indian Act gave the provinces jurisdiction over indigenous child welfare. This lead to the “sixties scoop” a process by which provincial child welfare agencies chose to remove children from their homes rather than provide community resources and supports

Question 13

Children

Answer 13

• In 1985 those who had lost status were reinstated as status Indians and as band members and their children gained status, but not gain band membership for 2 years
• In 2011, parliament passed the gender equity in Indian registration act. This grants status to grandchildren of women who regained status. It still denied status rights to some individuals because of gender discrimination
• Treaty 10 (1906) Saskatchewan: They agreed to educate Indian children and offer aid in agriculture and stock-raising

Question 14

Mississauga

Answer 14

The Williams Treaty:
- Signed in 1923 by the governments of Canada and Ontario and by seven First Nations of the Chippewa of Lake Simcoe and the Mississauga of the north shore of Lake Ontario
- In exchange for the land, the Crown received three tracts of land totaling 6,475 km2. The Mississauga and Chippewa peoples received one-time payments of $25 per band member

Question 15

2010

Answer 15

First Nations certainty of land title act: This enactment amends the First Nations Commercial and Industrial Development Act to expand the existing regulation-making powers to establish a system for the registration of reserve lands for first nations that desire it

Question 16

1884

Answer 16

Ban of Indigenous ceremony, potlatch

Question 17

Conservative Prime Minister John Diefenbaker Bill of Rights

Answer 17

Stated Indigenous peoples could no longer be denied the right to vote. In 1960, portions of the Canada Elections Act were repealed in order to grant the federal vote to Status Indians without losing their status

Question 18

Treaty 3: 1873 (Ontario) (Ojibwe)

Answer 18

The Government of Canada promised to set aside reserves and provide monetary awards, like a one-time cash payment ($12 per family of 5) and yearly payments ($5 per person) to the Saulteaux (Ojibwe) in exchange for the Saulteaux ceding their rights to a large area of land. Some argue that the Saulteaux meant to share the land, not surrender it entirely.

Question 19

Elsie Marie Knott

Answer 19

The first elected female indigenous chief in Canada

Question 20

1923

Answer 20

Williams Treaty signed in October and November 1923 by the governments of Canada and Ontario and by seven First Nations of the Chippewa of Lake Simcoe and the Mississauga of the north shore of Lake Ontario

Question 21

Legislative jurisdiction

Answer 21

In 1867, the constitution act assigned legislative jurisdiction to parliament over “Indians, and lands reserved for the Indians.”

Question 22

Treaty’s

Answer 22

11 treaty’s from 1871 - 1921

Question 23

Michilimackinac

Answer 23

Treaty 1: 1871 (Manitoba)

Question 24

Prairies

Answer 24

Treaty 1 - Includes Towns of La Prairie and Brandon. The Anishinaabe and Swampy Cree had to cede land to get the benefits outlined in this treaty.

Question 25

Treaty 6

Answer 25

Treaty Right to Health outlined in Treaty 6 1876 (Alberta and Saskatchewan): Medicine chests stored at the house of Indian Agent in reserve are to be awarded in times of famine and pestilence, This was part of the negotiation in Treaty 6.