Indicator Terms

Question 1

Identify whether “If” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 1

Sufficient Condition Indicator

(Whatever immediately follows “If” is a sufficient condition)

Question 2

Identify whether “When” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 2

Sufficient Condition Indicator

(Whatever immediately follows “When” is a sufficient condition)

Question 3

Identify whether “Whenever” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 3

Sufficient Condition Indicator

(Whatever immediately follows “Whenever” is a sufficient condition)

Question 4

Identify whether “Every” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 4

Sufficient Condition Indicator

(Whatever immediately follows “Every” is a sufficient condition)

Question 5

Identify whether “Whoever” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 5

Sufficient Condition Indicator

(Whatever immediately follows “Whoever” is a sufficient condition)

Question 6

Identify whether “Each” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 6

Sufficient Condition Indicator

(Whatever immediately follows “Each” is a sufficient condition)

Question 7

Identify whether “All” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 7

Sufficient Condition Indicator

(Whatever immediately follows “All” is a sufficient condition)

Question 8

Identify whether “Any” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 8

Sufficient Condition Indicator

(Whatever immediately follows “Any” is a sufficient condition)

Question 9

Identify whether “None” or “No” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 9

Sufficient Condition Indicator

(Whatever immediately follows “None/No” is a sufficient condition)

Question 10

Identify whether “The only” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 10

Sufficient Condition Indicator

(Whatever immediately follows “The only” is a sufficient condition)

*Note: “Only” on its own is a necessary indicator. Adding “The” before it makes it sufficient

Question 11

Identify whether “Then” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 11

Necessary Condition Indicator

(Whatever immediately follows “Then” is a necessary condition)

Question 12

Identify whether “Only if” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 12

Necessary Condition Indicator

(Whatever immediately follows “Only if” is a necessary condition)

Question 13

Identify whether “Guarantee” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 13

Necessary Condition Indicator

(Whatever immediately follows “Guarantee” is a necessary condition)

Question 14

Identify whether “Requires” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 14

Necessary Condition Indicator

(Whatever immediately follows “Requires” is a necessary condition)

Question 15

Identify whether “Must” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 15

Necessary Condition Indicator

(Whatever immediately follows “Must” is a necessary condition)

Question 16

Identify whether “Essential” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 16

Necessary Condition Indicator

Whether this term precedes or follows the necessary condition depends on context. Be mindful of what ‘essential’ is referring to.

Example: If “X is essential”, X is the necessary
Example: If “it is essential to do Y”, Y is the necessary

Question 17

Identify whether “Only” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 17

Necessary Condition Indicator

(Whatever immediately follows “Only” is a necessary condition)

Question 18

Identify whether “Need” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 18

Necessary Condition Indicator

(Whatever immediately follows “Need” is a necessary condition)

Question 19

Identify whether “Guarantee” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 19

Necessary Condition Indicator

(Whatever immediately follows “Guarantee” is a necessary condition)

Question 20

Identify whether “Unless” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 20

Necessary Condition Indicator

(Whatever immediately follows “Unless” is a necessary condition)

Question 21

Identify whether “Except” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 21

Necessary Condition Indicator

(Whatever immediately follows “Except” is a necessary condition)

Question 22

Identify whether “Without” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 22

Necessary Condition Indicator

(Whatever immediately follows “Without” is a necessary condition)

Question 23

Identify whether “If and only if” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 23

Positive Biconditional

Both sides are sufficient and necessary for each other

Question 24

Identify whether “Or…not both” (with two options i.e. “A or B but not both”) is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 24

Negative Biconditional

“Or…not both” can be interpreted as “exactly 1”

Question 25

Identify whether “A then B and if B then A” is a sufficient, necessary, or biconditional indicator

Answer 25

Positive Biconditional

The arrow is pointing in both directions. Both A and B are sufficient and necessary for each other

Question 26

If one is selected, the other must be

Answer 26

Positive Biconditional

Question 27

If A then B. Otherwise, not B

Answer 27

Positive Biconditional