Indications

Question 1

Adenosine*

Answer 1

INDICATIONS:

1. Regular SVT (narrow complex QRS <0.12s)
2. Regular SVT with ventricular aberrancy of conduction (SVT-A)

Question 2

Adrenaline

Answer 2

INDICATIONS:

1. Persistent VF/unconscious VT
2. Asystole
3. PEA
4. Inadequate Perfusion (Cardiogenic)
5. Inadequate Perfusion (Non-Cardiogenic)
6. Anaphylactic Reactions
7. Severe Asthma
8. Unconscious asthma with no BP
9. Croup or suspected epiglottitis
10. Bradycardia with poor perfusion

Question 3

Amiodarone*

Answer 3

1. VF/Pulseless VT refractory to cardioversion

2. Sustained or recurrent VT

Question 4

Aspirin

Answer 4

1. Chest pain associated with ACS
   To minimise platelet aggregation and thrombus formation in order to retard the progression of coronary artery thrombosis in ACS

Question 5

Atropine*

Answer 5

1. Bradycardia with less than adequate perfusion
2. Organophosphate poisoning with excessive cholinergic effects
3. Nerve agent poisoning

Question 6

Ceftriaxone

Answer 6

1. Suspected meningococcal septicaemia

2. Severe sepsis (consult only)

Question 7

Clopidogrel*

Answer 7

ACS with serial 12 Lead ECG STEMI pattern

Question 8

Dexamethasone*

Answer 8

1. Bronchospasm with acute respiratory distress not responsive to nebulised Salbutamol
2. Acute COPD exacerbation
3. Suspected Croup

Question 9

Diazepam

Answer 9

Acute behavioural disturbance with SAT score >0

Question 10

Droperidol

Answer 10

Acute Behavioural Disturbance with SAT score +2 or +3

Question 11

Enoxaparin*

Answer 11

ACS with serial 12 Lead ECG STEMI pattern

Question 12

Ergometrine*

Answer 12

Post-partum Haemorrhage and Post-abortal haemorrhage greater than 600mLs, when it is certain that all foetuses have been delivered

Question 13

Fentanyl

Answer 13

1. Analgesia - IV/IN
2. Sedation to maintain intubation
   Specific Indications:
3. Contraindication to morphine
4. Short duration of action desired (e.g dislocation)
5. Hypotension
6. Nausea and or/ vomiting secondary to previous morphine administration

Question 14

Frusemide*

Answer 14

Acute Left Ventricular failure with evidence of fluid overload (APO)

Question 15

Glucagon

Answer 15

Diabetic Hypoglycaemia (BGL <4.0mmol/l) in Pts with ALOC unable to self administer oral glucose paste

Question 16

Glucose 5%

Answer 16

Vehicle for dilution and administration of IV emergency drugs

Question 17

Glucose 10%

Answer 17

Diabetic Hypoglycaemia (BGL <4.0mmol/l) in Pts with ALOC unable to self administer oral glucose paste

Question 18

Glucose Paste

Answer 18

Diabetic Hypoglycaemia (BGL <4.0mmol/l) in Pts who are conscious and able to self-administer oral glucose

Question 19

Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN)

Answer 19

1. Chest Pain associated with ACS
2. Acute Left Ventricular failure with evidence of fluid overload (APO)
3. Hypertension associated with ACS (SBP >140mmHG)
4. Autonomic Dysreflexia

Question 20

Heparin*

Answer 20

ACS with serial 12 Lead ECG STEMI pattern

Question 21

Iprotropium Bromide (Atrovent)

Answer 21

1. Severe respiratory distress associated with bronchospasm

Question 22

Ketamine*

Answer 22

1. Uncontrolled Musculoskeletal Pain

2. Severe burns

Question 23

Lignocaine Hydrochloride 1%

Answer 23

Diluent for Ceftriaxone for IM injection in suspected menningococcal disease as 1% solution

Question 24

Magnesium Sulphate*

Answer 24

1. Severe Asthma not responsive to nebulised salbutamol and atrovent
2. Torsades de Pointes
3. Eclampsia
4. Severe Pre-Eclampsia (consult

Question 25

Methoxyflurane

Answer 25

1. Pre-hospital pain relief where narcotics are contraindicated or not appropriate

Question 26

Metoclopramide

Answer 26

1. Severe nausea or vomiting associated with
   
   • Narcotic pain relief
   • Past Hc of migraine

Question 27

Midazolam

Answer 27

1. Continuous or Recurrent Seizures
2. Sedation to maintain intubation
3. Sedation to enable synchronised cardioversion
4. Sedation in the agitated Pt
5. Sedation in psychostimulant overdose
6. Severe Trauma - Multiple Fractures or Severe Burns

Question 28

Morphine

Answer 28

1. Pain Relief

2. Sedation to maintain intubation

Question 29

Naloxone

Answer 29

1. ALOC and respiratory depression secondary to administration of narcotics or related drugs

Question 30

Normal Saline

Answer 30

1. IV fluid for Fluid Replacement
2. Irrigation of burns/eyes/wounds
3. To keep the vein open (T.K.V.O)
4. To ensure patency during administration of Glucose 10%
5. Cardiac Arrest
6. Dilution of drugs

Question 31

Ondansetron

Answer 31

1. Nausea and vomiting associated with
   - Cardiac chest pain
   - Secondary to cytotoxic drugs or radiotherapy
   - Severe gastroenteritis
   - Previously diagnosed migraine
2. Prophylaxis use
   - Motion sickness
   - Planned aeromedical evacuation
   - Suspected spinal injury
   - Eye Trauma

Question 32

Oxygen

Answer 32

1. Treatment of hypoxaemia/hypoxia (SpO2 <94%)

2. To assist organ perfusion in Pt with poor perfusion

Question 33

Paracetemol

Answer 33

Mild Pain

Question 34

Prochlorperazine (Stemitil)

Answer 34

1. Treatment or prophylaxis of nausea/vomiting for
   - motion sickness
   - penetrating eye injury
   - planned aeromedical evacuation
2. Vertigo or nausea or vomiting associated with migraine, labyrinthitis or Menieres’s syndrome
3. Known allergy or contraindication to metoclopramide administration

Question 35

Salbutamol

Answer 35

1. Respiratory distress with suspected bronchospasm;
   - Asthma
   - Severe allergic reactions
   - COPD
   - Smoke inhalation

Question 36

Sodium Bicarbonate 8.4%*

Answer 36

1. Symptomatic Tricyclic Antidepressant (TCA) overdose or hyperkalaemia
2. Crush syndrome with evidence of hyperkalaemia
3. Cardiac arrest with suspected hyperkalaemia or TCA overdose

Question 37

Tenecteplase*