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Art and Culture > Indian Classical Music > Flashcards

Indian Classical Music Flashcards

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1
Q

Classical Indian Music

A
  1. Hindustani

2. Carnatic

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2
Q
  • Oldest and Grandest form of Hindustani Music
  • Finds mention in Natyashastra
  • Zenith in Akbar court
  • Tansen, Baba Gopal Das, Swami Haridas are famous proponents
  • 4 to 5 stanzas accompanied by Tanpura and Pakhawaj
A

Dhrupad

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3
Q

Gharanas of Dhrupad

A
  • Dagari Gharana : Dagar family (Gundecha Brothers)
  • Darbhanga Gharana : Mallik family (Ram Chatur Mallik, Siyaram Tewari) - Haveli Style
  • Bettiah Gharana : Mishras (Indra Kumar Mishra) - Haveli Style
  • Talwandi Gharana : Pakistan
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4
Q
  • Another style of Hindustani Music
  • Origin attributed to Amir Khusrau (A.Khilji court)
  • Composition called “Bandish”
A

Khayal

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5
Q

Gharanas of Khayal

A
  • Gwalior Gharana : (Oldest) Nathu Singh, Vishnu Palushkar
  • Kirana Gharana : (named after town in UP) Nayak Gopal founded, made popular by Abdul Karim Khan, Abdul Wahid Khan, Pandit Bhimsen Joshi, Gangubai Hangal
  • Agra Gharana : Khudabaksh esgablished, Faiyyaz Khan renamed as Rangila Gharana. Blend of Khyal and Dhrupad-damar
  • Patiala Gharana : Bade Fateh Ali Khan, Ali Baksh Khan
  • Bhendibazaar Gharana : Control on their breaths, Chhajju Khan, Nazir Khan, Khadim Hussain Khan
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6
Q
  • Invented by Amir Khusrau
  • Used by Guru Gobind Singh
  • Fast tempo
  • Pandit Rattan Mohan Sharma : Fastest tarana singer : Tarana ke Baadshah
A

Tarana Style

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7
Q
  • Inspired by Bhakti Movement
  • Composition in Hindi in Braj bhasha dialect
  • Linked to Kathak
  • Usually sung in female voice
  • Begum Akhtar, Girija Devi
A

Thumri

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8
Q
  • Folks of Camel riders of North West India

- Brought to Mughal emperor Muhammad Shah court

A

Tappa

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9
Q
  • Rhyming couplets
  • Said that Amir Khusrau was first expounded
  • Became famous in South Asia due to the influence of Sufi mystics on Islamic sultanate in India
  • Never exceeds 12 couplets
  • Muhammad Iqbal, Mirza Ghalib, Kazi Nazrul Islam
A

Ghazal

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10
Q

Carnatic Music

A
  • Pallavi, Anu Pallavi, Charanam
  • Tanam : Played with mridangam
  • Ragam : without mridangam
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11
Q
  • First known composer of Carnatic Music
  • Lord Venkateswara
  • Mainly in Telugu
  • Grandfather of Telugu Song Writing
A

Annamacharya (1408-1503)

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12
Q
  • Pitamaha or Father of Carnatic Music
  • Lord Krishna
  • He is believed to be avatar of Narada
  • Famous composition : Dasa Sahithya
A

Purandara Dasa (1484-1564)

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13
Q
  • Used to travel
  • Lord Krishna
  • His compositions used in Bharatnatyam and Kuchipudi
  • Telugu poet
A

Kshetrayya (1600-1680)

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14
Q
  • Praise of Lord Rama in Telugu

- One among Vageyakaras (compose lyrics, set music)

A

Bhadrachala Ramadasu (1620-1680)

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15
Q

Trinity of Carnatic Music

All three were born in Tiruvarur and are contemporaries

A

Tyagaraja (1767-1847)

  • Telugu in praise of Lord Rama
  • Pancharatna Kritis
  • Crater on Mercury named after him

Muthuswami Dikshitar (1775-1835)

  • Sanskrit
  • Use of gamaka
  • Guruguha
  • Veena player

Syama Sastri (1762-1827)

  • Telugu in praise of Goddess Kamakshi
  • Syama Krishna
  • Svarajati genre attributed to him
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16
Q
  • Set up by VD Paluskar in 1901 in Lahore

- Later shifted to Mumbai in 1915

A

Gandharva Mahavidyalaya

17
Q
  • Established in Allahabad in 1926 for education on

Hindustani Music

A

Prayag Sangeet Samiti

18
Q
  • First National Academy was set up by the government in 1952
A

Sangeet Natak Akademi

19
Q
  • Founded by Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande in 1926

- Later renamed as Bhatkhande Music Institute

A

Marris College of Music

20
Q
  • Established by Kiran Seth in 1977
A

SPIC MACAY: Society for Promotion of Indian Classical Music And Culture Amongest Youth

21
Q
  • Annual Indian Classical Music Festival

- At National Centre for Performing Arts in Mumbai

A

Chaturprahar

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