India-Geography Flashcards
Extent of Great Mountains of North
From pamir plateau in the west to the Indo-Myanmar border in the east, there is a chain of mountains.
The mountains extending between Pamir Plateau and Indus river in Kashmir?
Karakoram ranges
Mountains running between Indus and Brahmaputra?
Himalayas, meaning the abode of snow. The eastern extension along the border of Myanmar is known as the Purvanchal
World’s largest glaciers in Karakoram ranges?
Baltora, Siachen
World’s second highest peak?
K2 (Godwin Austin) belongs to Karakoram range
Three parallel ranges of Himalayas?
Height of ranges increase from south to north. The southernmost range called the Siwalik is the lowest. The ranges lying north of the Siwalik are known as the middle Himalayas or the Himachal. The northernmost ranges if the Himalayas are known as Himadri, and are the highest.
Describe Siwalik?
It is made of unconsolidated materials such as mud, silt and soft rocks. This is not a continuous range and merges with other ranges in the east. Some narrow valleys are found in this part known as ‘duns’ e.g. Dehradun
Describe Himachal?
Forests and meadows cover many slopes. Springs, waterfalls and numerous streams winding their ways through narrow valleys provide beautiful sight which attracts tourists. Some of the places are famous for hill resorts such as Dalhousie, Dharmashala, Simla, Mussorie, Nainital and Darjeeling
Describe Himadri?
They contain some of the world’s highest peaks. Mt Everest, Kanchenjunga, Nanga Parbat, Nanda Devi and Dhaulagiri are found here.
Hills of Purvanchal?
Patkai Bum, Naga hills, Garo, Khasi, Jaintia and the Lushai hills
Extent of Northern Plains?
From the Satluj in the west to the Brahmaputra in the east. It is made up of alluvium brought by the Indus, the Ganga, and the Brahmaputra and their tributaries.
Where does Indus and Brahmaputra rise?
Near Lake Mansarovar but Indus flows westwards while Brahmaputra flows eastwards.
Path of Indus?
Indus flows westwards from Lake Mansarovar enters Jammu and Kashmir and then takes a southward turn after entering Pakistan. It drains into the Arabian Sea. Its main tributaries are Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas and Satluj.
Path Of Brahmaputra?
Brahmaputra flows eastwards from Lake Mansarovar and then takes a sharp turn north of Arunachal Pradesh and enters India. After flowing through Arunachal Pradesh and Assam, it enters Bangladesh and joins the Ganga to form the largest delta in the world.
Path of Ganga?
The Alaknanda and Bhagirathi are the two source streams of the Ganga. They unite at Devprayag and henceforth, derive the name Ganga. It is the longest river in India. The Yamuna, the Chambal and the Son are its main right-bank tributaries while Gomati, Ghaghra, Gandak and Kosi are left-bank tributaries. These rivers make one of the most fertile plains of the world.
Describe Peninsular Plateau?
It is made up of igneous and metamorphic rocks and is the oldest part of India. Hills with lesser heights and rounded tops are present here. The peninsular plateau is broadly divided into the Central Highlands and the Deccan Plateau.
Describe Central Highlands?
The northern part of the Peninsula north of Vindhyas is known as the Central Highlands. It is bounded by Aravalis in the north-west, merging gradually with Ganga plains in the north. The Central Highlands consists of series of plateaus from west to east. The western part is known as Malwa Plateau. Its eastern part in south Bihar is known as the Chhotanagpur plateau. Bundelkhand and Baghelkhand lie in between.
Thar Desert?
Lies west to the Aravali range. It is sandy and rocky desert. Few small streams draining this region either fall into salt lakes or disappear into sands.
Extent of Deccan Plateau?
From Vindhyas in the north to the tip of the peninsula in the south
Describe Western Ghats?
Forms the western edge of the plateau and is comparatively continuous and higher than Eastern Ghats. The western ghats consist of Sahyadri, thr Nilgiris, the Annamalai, and the Cardamom hills. Height of the western ghats increases from north to south
Highest peak of peninsular India?
Anai Mudi in Kerala
Describe Eastern Ghats?
The Deccan plateau slopes gently towards the east. Eastern ghats consists of low discontinuous hills.
Describe Deccan Trap?
The north-western part of the Deccan plateau is made up of lava flows. This part is known as the Deccan Trap. It covers almost the whole of Maharasthra, parts of Gujarat and MP
Rivers of Peninsular India?
Narmada and Tapi rise in the hills of Central India and flows westwards to join Arabian sea. The Narmada flows through a narrow valley between the Vindhyas in the north and Satpura in the south. Tapi flows south of Satpura. Other major rivers- mahanadi, Gidavari, Krishna, and Kaveri flows eastward and join the Bay of Bengal.
