India- development case study Flashcards
what does human development index show us about India?
that not all parts of india are the same
why do people tend to shift from periphery areas (often rural) to core areas (often urban)
- better job opportunities
- higher wages
- better education opportunities
- more access to electricity
what is a chloropleth map?
a map with different areas or countries coloured different colours- e.g if you used HDI as an example, areas in India with high HDI would be coloured dark red, while areas with low HDI would be light red
what is India?
a rapidly developing country
what can maps (specifically chloropleth maps) tell us about India in terms of wealth
India’s wealth is not evenly spread out, some Indians are very wealthy while others live in great poverty
what is an example of a core area in India
Maharashtra- it is very wealthy and more developed, therefore it can be referred to as a core area
what is an example of a periphery area in India?
Bihar, as it is poorer and less developed than other areas- meaning it can be referred to as a periphery area
what are core regions like?
rich, urban, with big businesses, industries and government headquarters as well as a large population
what are periphery regions like?
poor, rural, with raw material extraction industries (e.g mining) and often a smaller or ageing population
why is Maharastra one of the richest regions in India?
it has experienced the multiplier effect. TNCs (large transnational companies) have invested in the region. The biggest investment has been in services, the industry has grown and more jobs have become available, attracting people to the region, therefore other industries (construction industry) have also grown. The population now have jobs which leads to them spending more in local businesses leading to more growth
what is the multiplier effect?
when a positive thing happens, it has a positive knock on effect- e.g if money is spent in an economy, the money will lead to improvement in the local economy, which will then grow so more money will be spent in it and the process continues
why is Bihar one of India’s poorest areas?
It is very rural. Farming in rural areas pays very poor wages, many families have no surplus of money or crops, meaning they don’t have money to spend on machinery to help them grow more- they are trapped in the cycle of poverty. This also means that a lot of women are uneducated and have many children, putting more pressure on the family, many children don’t attend school making it hard for them to escape poverty
what is the cycle of poverty?
a set of factors which can keep someone in poverty, unless an external factor intervenes- e.g someone pays for a child’s education giving them the opportunity for a better quality of life
what is the impact of regional disparity?
- lower quality of life in periphery areas
- conflict develops within a country between the ‘haves’ and ‘have not’s’
- overcrowding and job scarcity develops in the core
- the development of the country is slowed down
what is the capitol of India?
New Delhi
what is the area size of India?
3,287,263 sq km
what is the official language of India?
Hindi and English, however there are 22 other official languages as well as over 1,600 local dialects
what is the climate of India?
it varies from Tropical monsoons in the south to temperate in the north
what is the life expectancy in India?
66 years for men
69 years for women
what is the population distribution of India?
31.3% of the population live in Urban areas (2011)
what is the population of India
India has the highest population in the world as of 2023 with a population of 1.438 billion
what percentage of young people die before reaching their 5th birthday in India?
5.6%
what percentage of children go to school in India?
59% of boys and 49% of girls attend secondary school
what percentage of girls are married before their 18th birthday in India?
47%
