India and the decline of Empire Flashcards
Government of India Act allowed?
A limited system of self-government for India, based on the sharing of powers between Indians ministers and the British viceroy
Rowlatt Act 1919 gave
authorities harsh powers to arrest and imprison anyone who protested against British rule
Both the Rowlatt and Gov. of India Acts made
a twin track approach to containing demands for Indian representation
Amritsar Massacre
British army troops fired on a crowd containing a mixture of Indians and Sikh pilgrims
British Government claimed that 379 were killed, but the INC claimed it was as high as 1,000 with over 1,500 wounded
The Simon Commission did what?
Reviewed the India Act
The Simon commission recommended that:
A federal system of Government be created across India, incorporating both provinces under direct British rule and the Princely states, the provinces be given more power, and defence, internal security and foreign affairs should remain in the hands of a British Viceroy, ensuring overall British control
Round Table Conferences caused by
Opposition from the Independence movement in India
Round Table Conferences were
Negotiations on moves towards Dominion status for India: British rejected self-governing Dominion status for India because of doubts about the competence of non-white leaders and peoples as well as concern for India’s strategic and economic importance to Britain
Round Table Conferences conclusion
No agreement was reached
How did the Second Government of India Act create a federation of India?
By making the provinces completely self-governing with provincial governors still appointed by the British and the viceroy being able to suspend self-government in emergencies, expanding the franchise from 7 to 35 million people
Second Government fo India Act opposed by who?
the INC party because it fell short of the independence enjoyed by white dominions and a desire to be completely free of British rule, and by the Princely States because they wanted to maintain their independence from the rest of India
What were the Indian Resignations?
Members of Congress-controlled ministries in the provinces resigned from office in opposition to Indian participation in the war
British response to Indian Resignations?
They imposed direct rule and dealt with independence protests against the war with repression, and the arrest of independence leaders
Quit India Campaign called for what?
The British to leave India entirely
Quit India Campaign lead by who?
Gandhi and other Congress leaders
