india Flashcards
Why did the British want control of India?
India was rich in natural resources such as iron ore, silk, copper, gold and silver.
How did the British gain control of India?
The first phase of British controlThe establishment of trading posts by the East India Company-Surat 1612, Madras 1638 and Bombay 1668.
Traders to rulers
The East India Company grew more powerful and began to establish political control over the regions of India. For example, fighting battles such as the Battle of Plassey for control of Bengal.
Role of the individual-Robert Clive
He led the East India Company to victory in the Battle of Plassey. This secured Bengal (richest part of India) for the company. He also returned in 1755-60 and again in 1765-67. Each time he secured more significant victories for the East India Trading Company.
Role of the individual-Warren Hastings
He was the first Governor General of India in 1773. This was at a time when the British government became joint rulers of India. Hastings had more respect for Indian customs and traditions but he was still a controversial figure.
Causes of the Indian Revolt 1857
The sepoy soldiers were angry that they always had more dangerous jobs than the British troops and the disregard for their the religion when the British introduced the Enfield rifles.
Consequences of the Indian Revolt in 1857
300 British women and children in Cawnpore died during the revolt. The British were able to stop the uprising through the use of new troops and the colt revolvers. They were extremely harsh and punished the sepoy soldiers.
Consequences in the long term
It was seen as the first step in the long struggle for independence. It also led to an intensification of British control in India with the creation of the Raj. However, the Universities Act led to an educated middle class of Indian people emerging, who eventually led the independence movement in the Twentieth Century.
