How was land gained and lost in Medieval times

Question 1

793 AD

Answer 1

First viking raid on a monastry in Lindisfarne

Question 2

Motivation→ Main reason was economic.

Answer 2

They could get rich by taking valuable goods. There was fertile farmland and England was divided between different waring tribes. There were also problems in Scandinavia, poor quality of land, overcrowded and primogeniture.

Question 3

878

Answer 3

Vikings had successfully take over England (except for Wessex)

Question 4

Relationship between England and Vikings after 878

Answer 4

King Aethelred used Danegeld to try and stop threat.

Question 5

Battle of Edington

Answer 5

King AlfrED defeated Viking Leader Guthrum–> forced to convert to Christianity + Danelaw established

Question 6

St Brice’s Massacre (1002)

Answer 6

Aethelred used the popular fear of the Vikings to carry out a mass killing of all Viking men and as a result, Forkbeard invaded England with a powerful Viking army. By 1013, Sven had conquered England.

Question 7

1016 (A$$)

Answer 7

Cnut led an army and defeated the new King of England EDmund at the Battle of Assandun

Question 8

The creation of an Empire

Answer 8

Cnut won England through conquest but inherited Denmark and Norway from his brothers.

Question 9

The impact on England of the Normans

Answer 9

The Conquest brought castles to England and rebuilt most churches. French replaced English as the language of the nobility.

Question 10

How did Henry II gain land?
I
M
V

Answer 10

inherited England and Normandy from his mother, Anjou and Maine from this father. marriage alliances to gain Aquitaine and Brittany. Henry II used violence to conquer Ireland in 1171.

Question 11

How did King John lose the Angevin Empire?

Answer 11

• weak economic position by 1202 due to Richard’s crusade making it difficult for John to fight back
• King Philip of France successfully invaded and took land away from John through conquest
• King John was an unpopular ruler

Question 13

Significance of the Hundred Years War

Answer 13

Short term→ Areas of France were devastated by the fighting, the French and English crowns had spent a fortune on the war which would weaken their countries and thousands of men died fighting and from illness. Long term→ New technology became important in battles. For example, the English victory at Agincourt was due to a new weapon the longbow which replaced cavalry. This soon led to the development and use of gunpowder which helped the English acquire America
.France became more unified as a country following their unification by 1453. For England there was a birth of a sense of English identity. French was replaced by English as the official language of the country as French became seen as the enemy language.
Impact on Empire→ England began to look West for new land in the Americas.