Increasing Cold War Tensions - Unit 7

Question 1

what was McCarthyism

Answer 1

the hunt for secret communists in the US government

Question 2

when was the first red scare

Answer 2

1920s

Question 3

what was mailed to the government during the first red scare

Answer 3

bombs

Question 4

what was formed as a consequence of the Red scare and when

Answer 4

the FBI, 1919

Question 5

what was the FBI formed under

Answer 5

the department of justice

Question 6

what was the FBI responsible for

Answer 6

hunting anarchists, socialists and communists

Question 7

why was the FBI controversial

Answer 7

as they didn’t need warrents and they deported individuals without trial

Question 8

who was the head of the FBI
what nickname did he give communists

Answer 8

J Edgar Hoover
“reds”

Question 9

what concept became prominenet during the second red scare

Answer 9

McCarthyism

Question 10

why did the second red scare happen (3)

Answer 10

• Julius and Ethel Rossenberg (us government members) were caught spying fir the USSR, they were executed as a punishment
• Loss of China as an ally made USA paranoid
• Korean war fueld concerns

Question 11

who was joe mccarthy within the US government

Answer 11

a senator who was a strong anti-communist

Question 12

how many people did mccarthy accuse of being apart of the communist party, how many were actually

Answer 12

205, only 57 actuallu were

Question 13

what did the house of un american activites do, when was it founded

Answer 13

carry out investigations on the patriotism and political affiliations of hollywood filmmakers, 1938, made permanent in 1945

Question 14

what was Alger Hiss convicted of in Jan 1950

Answer 14

perjury (lying under oath) as he lied about passing on information to the USSR whilst working for the US state department from 1937-38.

Question 15

why was Trumas foreign policy criticsied

Answer 15

• Alger Hiss’ perjery
• He was accused of being too soft oon communists
• McCarthy accussed the UN of favouring left wing and liberal causes

Question 16

what led to mccarthys downfall

Answer 16

he claimed that “reds” had infiltrated the US army.

Question 17

what was the response to mccarthy accusing the US army

Answer 17

army counsel (head lawyer of the army) said in an interview “have you no sense of decency?”
- Dec 1954, US senate censured him

Question 18

what happened to scholar Owen Lattimore after his name was cleared of being a red

Answer 18

the accusations stuck which made it diffuclt for him to find work

Question 19

how did McCarthyism affect US foreign policy

Answer 19

• made it more strictly anti communist
• made america more present in Asia (since the loss of China led to McCarthyism)
• US foreign policy officials were over-vigilant

Question 20

why did GB send so many allies to help during the korean war

Answer 20

due to mccarthyism, the cold war was globalising, so they wanted to keep usa as a close ally

Question 21

what happened during the Profumo affair (july 1961) that happened because of mccarthyism

Answer 21

Profumo (GB secretary of state for war) slept with prostitute Keeler, whilst she was also sleeping with Russian naval attache, Ivanov

Question 22

why did the profumo affair generate a red scare

Answer 22

made people question the security of the UK government, as a senior member could have accidentlly leaked info to a Russian spy

Question 23

how did the profumo affair effect UK politics

Answer 23

damaged the credibilty of Maximillion (PM at the time, he resigned in 1963)
contributed to the fall of conservatives and rise of labour in 1964