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History - Cold War > Eisenhower > Flashcards

Eisenhower Flashcards

1
Q

When was Eisenhower president

A

1953 - 1961

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2
Q

Who was eisenhowers Secretary of State

A

John foster Dulles

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3
Q

Why did Eisenhower publically shame Truman (4)

A
  • for letting soviets get an atomic bomb
  • for letting Soviets take Eastern Europe
  • for letting china fall to communism
  • for letting US troops die in Korea
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4
Q

Why did Eisenhower publically shame Truman (4)

A
  • for letting soviets get an atomic bomb
  • for letting Soviets take Eastern Europe
  • for letting china fall to communism
  • for letting US troops die in Korea
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5
Q

Who did Eisenhower have a landslide victory against in the 1952 election

A

Stevenson

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6
Q

How was eisenhowers policies similar to Truman’s

A
  • wanted the US to stay influential in Western Europe and Asia
  • wanted the USA to have a strong nuclear arsenal an conventional forces in order to deter conflict
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7
Q

How was eisenhowers policies different to Truman’s

A
  • eisenhower didn’t want to commit to a major expansion of conventional forces
  • he thought containment was limited and its effectiveness was insufficient
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8
Q

How was

A
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9
Q

What was the policy Eisenhower and Dulles worked on

A

The new look policy

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10
Q

What were the 3 aspects of the new look policy

A

Massive retaliation
Brinkmanship
Rollback

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11
Q

What was massive retatliation

A
  • Dulles advocated for spending more on nuclear weapons and air power, to spend less on conventional forces (army, navy etc)
  • Hoping nuclear weapons would deter against war as they were so destructive
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12
Q

When did the USA develop the hydrogen bomb? What about the SU

A

USA - 1953
SU - 1954

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13
Q

What was the highest yielding nuclear test series ever conducted by the USA

A

Operation castle

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14
Q

What was brinkmanship

A
  • Dulles thought the USA’s nuclear arsenal was a deterrent against attack, and also a diplomatic tool
  • they would use these weapons to threaten communist opponents into agreement, to the point of risking nuclear war
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15
Q

What was rollback

A

Pushing communism back to the USSR rather than passively containing it

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16
Q

Give an example of rollback

A

1964 - CIA and British intelligence staged a coup to remove the prime minister of Iran, Mosaddeq to create a regional buffer against possible soviet aggression

17
Q

What was the domino theory

A

A rise or fall in communism would have a similar effect on nearby nation

18
Q

Who formed Vietminh

A

Ho Chi Minh

19
Q

What was Vietminh

A

A nationalist organisation dedicated to viatnemese independence

20
Q

When did France reclaim vietnam

A

1946

21
Q

How much money did Truman send to support the France invasion of Vietnam from 1950-1954

A

$2.6 billion

22
Q

What nations made up Indochina , who rule it

A

Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, West Malaysia

Ruled by France

23
Q

When were Laos and Cambodia granted autonomy from the french

A

1947

24
Q

When was the exiled Vietnamese emperor Dai returned to power

A

1949

25
Q

Who did China and Stalin support to proclaim the existence of the democratic republic of vietname

A

Ho Chi Minh

26
Q

How many casualties did the french face against the Vietnamese by 1952

A

90,000

27
Q

Why was the USA keen to contain communism in Vietnam

A
  • stop the spread to defend Taiwan, South Korea and japan
  • it was geostrategically important as it was a useful market place for Japanese goods; would strengthen japans economy
28
Q

What cost percentage of the France-Vietnam war was USA paying by 1954

A

75%

29
Q

What did the army chief of stat General ridgeway convince Eisenhower of

A

That “the war in Indochina would absorb our troops by division”

30
Q

Which battle was a turning point for the french-Vietnam war, what did it pave the way for

A

Dien Bien Phu, a french withdrawal

31
Q

When was the Geneva conference

A

July 1954

32
Q

What was decided at the Geneva conference

A

Vietnam was to be divided into 2 along the 17th parallel
France would leave the northern zone and nationalists would withdraw from the south

33
Q

Was the Vietnam division intended to be permanent? Was it?

A

No, but the USA and the established regime refused to sign the national elections that occurred 2 years later

34
Q

Who was the new president of south Vietnam, from when

A

Ngo Dinh Diem 1955

35
Q

What did Eisenhower want for Vietnam

A

A non communist government, the USA would aid a government to eliminate pro communist influence.

History - Cold War (2 decks)

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