Eisenhower Flashcards
When was Eisenhower president
1953 - 1961
Who was eisenhowers Secretary of State
John foster Dulles
Why did Eisenhower publically shame Truman (4)
- for letting soviets get an atomic bomb
- for letting Soviets take Eastern Europe
- for letting china fall to communism
- for letting US troops die in Korea
Why did Eisenhower publically shame Truman (4)
- for letting soviets get an atomic bomb
- for letting Soviets take Eastern Europe
- for letting china fall to communism
- for letting US troops die in Korea
Who did Eisenhower have a landslide victory against in the 1952 election
Stevenson
How was eisenhowers policies similar to Truman’s
- wanted the US to stay influential in Western Europe and Asia
- wanted the USA to have a strong nuclear arsenal an conventional forces in order to deter conflict
How was eisenhowers policies different to Truman’s
- eisenhower didn’t want to commit to a major expansion of conventional forces
- he thought containment was limited and its effectiveness was insufficient
How was
What was the policy Eisenhower and Dulles worked on
The new look policy
What were the 3 aspects of the new look policy
Massive retaliation
Brinkmanship
Rollback
What was massive retatliation
- Dulles advocated for spending more on nuclear weapons and air power, to spend less on conventional forces (army, navy etc)
- Hoping nuclear weapons would deter against war as they were so destructive
When did the USA develop the hydrogen bomb? What about the SU
USA - 1953
SU - 1954
What was the highest yielding nuclear test series ever conducted by the USA
Operation castle
What was brinkmanship
- Dulles thought the USA’s nuclear arsenal was a deterrent against attack, and also a diplomatic tool
- they would use these weapons to threaten communist opponents into agreement, to the point of risking nuclear war
What was rollback
Pushing communism back to the USSR rather than passively containing it
Give an example of rollback
1964 - CIA and British intelligence staged a coup to remove the prime minister of Iran, Mosaddeq to create a regional buffer against possible soviet aggression
What was the domino theory
A rise or fall in communism would have a similar effect on nearby nation
Who formed Vietminh
Ho Chi Minh
What was Vietminh
A nationalist organisation dedicated to viatnemese independence
When did France reclaim vietnam
1946
How much money did Truman send to support the France invasion of Vietnam from 1950-1954
$2.6 billion
What nations made up Indochina , who rule it
Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, West Malaysia
Ruled by France
When were Laos and Cambodia granted autonomy from the french
1947
When was the exiled Vietnamese emperor Dai returned to power
1949
Who did China and Stalin support to proclaim the existence of the democratic republic of vietname
Ho Chi Minh
How many casualties did the french face against the Vietnamese by 1952
90,000
Why was the USA keen to contain communism in Vietnam
- stop the spread to defend Taiwan, South Korea and japan
- it was geostrategically important as it was a useful market place for Japanese goods; would strengthen japans economy
What cost percentage of the France-Vietnam war was USA paying by 1954
75%
What did the army chief of stat General ridgeway convince Eisenhower of
That “the war in Indochina would absorb our troops by division”
Which battle was a turning point for the french-Vietnam war, what did it pave the way for
Dien Bien Phu, a french withdrawal
When was the Geneva conference
July 1954
What was decided at the Geneva conference
Vietnam was to be divided into 2 along the 17th parallel
France would leave the northern zone and nationalists would withdraw from the south
Was the Vietnam division intended to be permanent? Was it?
No, but the USA and the established regime refused to sign the national elections that occurred 2 years later
Who was the new president of south Vietnam, from when
Ngo Dinh Diem 1955
What did Eisenhower want for Vietnam
A non communist government, the USA would aid a government to eliminate pro communist influence.
