[INCOMPLETE] *Marine Corps History

Question 1

Birthday of the Marine Corp

Answer 1

November 10th, 1775

Question 2

Birthplace of the Marine Corps

Answer 2

Tunn Tavern, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Question 3

Marine Corps Emblem

Answer 3

Eagle, Globe, and Anchor

Question 4

Marine Corps Motto (and meaning)

Answer 4

Semper Fidelis (Always Faithful)

Question 5

USMC Core Values

Answer 5

Honor, Courage, Commitment

Question 6

Official Colors of the Marine Corps

Answer 6

Scarlet Red and Gold

Question 7

Representation of the Eagle, Globe, and Anchor.

Answer 7

Eagle= National Defense
Globe= Worldwide Service
Anchor= Maritime Tradition

Question 8

Thirteenth Commandant of the Marine Corps

Answer 8

General John A. Lejeune

-Known for his development of Marine Corps amphibious warfare doctrine in the 1930s

Question 9

First Commandant of the Marine Corps

Answer 9

Captain Samuel Nicholas

Question 10

Two Men, Two Medals

Answer 10

Smedley Butler and Dan Daly

-The only two Marines to have been awarded two Medals of Honor each.

Dan Daly:
In 1900, during the Boxer Rebellion in China, he received his first MoH for single-handedly defending his position against repeated attacks and inflicted casualties of around 200 on the attacking Boxers.

His second MoH came when he was fighting with US forces supporting the government in Haiti against rebels. In 1915, at the Battle of Fort Dipitie, he was part of a group of 40 Marines who were ambushed by a force of approximately 400 Cacos (Haitian insurgents). He led one of the three groups of men during the fight to reach a nearby fort and was awarded the medal for his conspicuous actions.

Also, He was awarded the Navy Cross for “repeated deeds of heroism and great service” during the Battle of Belleau Wood in World War I.

Smedley Butler:
First MoH: In 1914 he led his comrades through a firefight in Vera Cruz, Mexico, facing street fights and sniper fire. The forces led a door-to-door search to root out any remaining members of the resistance and were able to successfully occupy the city and maintain the position for six months as the final occupation of Vera Cruz during the Mexican Revolution. He attempted to return the medal stating he “did nothing to deserve it”.

Second MoH: During the occupation of Haiti in 1915, Butler led the attack on Fort Riviere in order to seize an escape of the Caco resistance, an unorganized, rugged resistance that thrived off of the lower castes of society in Haiti. After signaling the attack, Marines forced entry and battled the Cacos in hand-to-hand combat.

Question 11

Which Marine has been awarded five Navy Crosses?

Answer 11

Chesty Puller

Question 12

Mascot of the Marine Corps

Answer 12

English Bulldog

-Named “Chesty” after Chesty Puller.

Question 13

Marine Corps is a direct descendant of (___), who were founded in (___)

Answer 13

British Royal Marines, 1664

Question 14

Leatherneck nickname origin

Answer 14

Leather collar worn from 1775 to 1875

• to prevent from deadly sword slashes during combat.
• 4 inches long.

Question 15

First amphibious landing

Answer 15

New Providence, Bahamas

• Lead by Commandant Samuel Nicholas
• 3 March 1776

Question 16

First battle which Marines fought alongside US Army

Answer 16

Battle of Trenton

Dec. 26, 1776

Question 17

Year congress established rank of Sergeant Major

Answer 17

1798

Question 18

Who & When was the EGA adopted?

Answer 18

Commandant Jacob Zeilin, 1868

Question 19

Origin of the “blood stripe”

Answer 19

During the Mexican War (1847), there were heavy losses of NCOs and officers at Chapultepec. The blood stripe represents their sacrifice.

• “HALL OF MONTEZUMA” from the hymn.
• Marines sieged a castle atop a hill.

Question 20

What happened on 7 Dec 1941?

Answer 20

Japanese attack Pearl Harbor

Question 21

When and by whom adopted the dress blue uniform adopted?

Answer 21

1797

Secretary of War, James McHenry