Inclusive Contractarianism

Question 1

What is an argument for meritocracy (3 steps)

Answer 1

3A. Opportunities should go to the most capable people
3B. Disabled people are not the most capable people
3C. Therefore, disabled people should not be considered for these opportunities over able people

Question 2

What is an argument against meritocracy? (3steps)

Answer 2

3A. People with disabilities should be treated equally when being considered for jobs
3B. A disability does not mean having less skills or qualities to be selected as the better candidate
3C. People with disabilities should be considered for jobs just as much as abled people

Question 3

What are the four conceptions of the equality of opportunity?

Answer 3

1. Formal
2. Fair Equality of Opportunity
3. Meritocratic
4. Luck Egalitarianism

Question 4

What is a meritocratic view?

Answer 4

Distributed on individual merit, best qualifications ought to get the job

Question 5

What is the argument for fair equality of opportunity? 3 steps

Answer 5

1. If people with disabilities sometimes have different needs than non disabled people (formal equality) is not sufficient
2. People with disabilities sometimes have different needs than non disabled people
3. Therefore, FEO is the best account of equality to give people with disabilities the best outcome

Question 6

What is fair equality of opportunity?

Answer 6

• Fairness is unique to Rawls
• Veil of ignorance
• take into account implicit accounts of discrimination

Question 7

What are some arguments against FEO?

Answer 7

1. Using FEO in the classroom would be more one-to-one interaction and support, creating equal opportunities for those with disabilities
2. FEO is more focused on a financial basis
3. Therefore, FEO would not support the equality and opportunities for those with disabilities

Question 8

What are some objections in response to FEO?

Answer 8

• FEO focuses on equality, not necessarily equity (giving everyone what they need)
• Even if it is financial, would still be beneficial because access / being disabled is expensive

Question 9

What do obligations to the mentally disabled have to do with justice?

Answer 9

It deals with social justice. There is emphasis on a contractualist account of justice that aims to explain why and justify what society owes people with significant cognitive disabilities

Question 10

What is inclusive contractualism and how does it relate to people with disabilities?

Answer 10

A constructualist society sees society as a system, of cooperative acts where membership depends upon ones ability to participate. Such views leave people with cognitive disabilities being regarded as not full members of society since they are unable to make the right sort of cooperative contribution to society

Question 11

What is Shafer-Landaus objection to contractarianism

Answer 11

He says that social contract theory left us with problems of scope of the moral community