Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Religious Studies > Incarnation > Flashcards

Incarnation Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route B flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route B flashcards
1
Q

What is the meaning of the incarnation?

A

When God took on human condition in the form of Jesus
- It shows Christians God’s love for humanity as he is prepared to experience being human
- It helps Christians to value God’s love as he knows what it is like to be human

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How does Luke 1:26-38 announce the incarnation?

A
  • Focuses on Mary’s role in the incarnation
  • Tells the story of when the angel Gabriel visited Mary
  • Gabriel tells Mary she will conceive and give birth to a son, named Jesus, who will be the Son of God
  • Jesus will be conceived through the power of the Holy Spirit
  • Due to it being important to God that humans have free will, he gives Mary the choice of whether or not to be Jesus’ mother. She gives her consent and agrees to God’s wishes by saying ‘let it be with me according to your word.’
  • Gabriel’s message is for all believers, as through Jesus’ birth God is fulfilling his promises to the Jews.
  • Jesus is fully human and fully God.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How does Luke 1:32 present the incarnation?

A

“He will the great, and will be called the Son of the Most High” Luke 1:32

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How does Matthew 1:18-24 announce the incarnation?

A
  • Focuses on Joseph’s part in the incarnation
  • Tells the story of how Joseph planned to break up with Mary because she was pregnant before they were married but an angel visited Joseph in one of his dreams and told him it was right to marry Mary, because she was conceived with child through the Holy Spirit.
  • The angel confirms that Jesus is being sent to earth by God to save humanity from its sins.
  • The angel also calls Jesus by the name Emmanuel which is a Jewish name meaning ‘God is with us,’ confirming that Jesus is the Son of God
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How does Matthew 1:20-21 present the incarnation?

A

“… for the child conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit. She will bear a son, and you are to name him Jesus, for he will save his people from their sins.” Matthew 1:20-21

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the main points of Matthew 1:18-24 and Luke 1:26-38?

A
  • Mary was a virgin
  • God worked through human beings to bring about his plan for humanity
  • Jesus was conceived by the power of the Holy Spirit
  • Jesus was the Son of God
  • The angel Gabriel announced Jesus’ birth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the relationship between the Word and God?

A
  • The Catholic Church teaches that God is three persons: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. Together they are referred to as the Trinity.
  • The Son of God is also known as the Word of God
  • The Word of God became human in the form of Jesus, which is why Jesus is sometimes called ‘the Word of God made flesh’
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does John 1:1-4 teach about the nature of the Word of God?

A
  • The Word of God is eternal. Unlike God the Father, the Word of God has always existed. This is shown by the phrase ‘In the beginning was the Word’ in John 1:1-4
  • The Word of God is God. The Word of God comes from inside God and is God’s self-expression. This is shown by the phrase ‘the Word was God’ in John 1:1-4
  • The Word of God is also distinct from God. The Word and God are united and co-exist but there is also a distinction between them.
  • The Word of God is how God expresses his power and love. The Word of God gives life, light, and guidance to people. This is shown by the phrase ‘What has come into being in him was life, and the life was the light of all people”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does John 1:14 show about Jesus as the Word of God?

A

“And the Word became flesh and lived among us, and we have seen his glory, the glory as of a father’s only son, full of grace and truth.” John 1:14
- Confirms that Jesus is the Word (or Son) of God. The Word has always existed, but took on human nature to live on earth as Jesus.
- The Word came to earth to guide people closer to God, and to teach them how to share in his love.
- The word grace means ‘free gift’. Jesus is God’s free gift to the human race and is an expression of God’s love for humans.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How is Jesus presented as Son of Man?

A
  • Christians believed that Jesus was fully human and he lived a complete life with human experiences and emotions.
  • Using ‘son of man’ to describe Jesus indicates two things:
    • Jesus was human
    • Jesus was given power and authority by God
  • ‘the Son of Man must undergo great suffering’ –> if Jesus was not fully human, he would not have been bothered by the pain and suffering of his crucifixion. But he knew that, as a human, his crucifixion would cause him great agony.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is Jesus presented as Son of God?

A
  • When Jesus was arrested and brought before the Jewish Council, the high priest asked Jesus if he was ‘the Messiah, the Son of the Blessed One’ and Jesus replied with ‘I am’ –> this shows that Jesus acknowledges that he was the Son of God
  • The title Son of Man is used to emphasise Jesus’ humanity and also his divinity as Jesus had a share in God’s power
  • The resurrection proves that Jesus was God
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are three important Christian symbols?

A
  • Ichthus
  • Chi-Ro
  • Alpha and Omega
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the Ichthus used to show?

A
  • The Ichthus is used to show that Jesus is: Jesus Christ, Son of God, Saviour
  • Used by Christians as a declaration of their faith
  • Used in ancient times
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the Alpha and Omega used to show?

A
  • The Alpha and Omega are used to indicate that God and Jesus are involved in everything from the beginning to the end
  • Used in Christianity since the first century
  • Used in many churches and Christian art and is placed on the Paschal candle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the Chi-Ro used to show?

A
  • The Chi-Rho is a reminder of the death of Jesus
  • Reminds Christians that Jesus was sent by God to save humanity through his death, therefore the Chi-Rho has great importance to Christians.
  • Chi-Rho is worn by Christians as an alternative to the cross or crucifix
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the reasons against religious art?

A
  • God is infinite – it is not possible to show infinite using finite means like art and sculptures
  • ‘You shall not make yourself an idol…’ – the second commandment forbids you from making any statue or artistic representation of God
  • When someone prays in front of a statue or picture, even though they are only using the statue as a stimulus for praying to God, other people can start worshipping the statue itself as a god
  • Statues can give people the wrong impressions about God
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the influence of the incarnation on Catholic art?

A

The Catholic Church approves of the use of religious art, including art that depicts God.
The Church teaches that religious art can:
- inspire people
- give people something to focus on as they pray
- help people to learn about aspects of God’s work
- have a positive role in religious life.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the reasons why the Church approves of religious art?

A
  • God became man through Jesus and therefore took on the limitations of human nature which makes it acceptable to represent God in art in human form
  • There is no evidence of what Jesus looked like but we know he had human qualities
  • Artistic representations can help people focus on spiritual ideas and aspects of God’s work as a focus for prayer and inspiration and it has a very positive role in religious life
  • ‘they are directed the more exclusively to the single aim of turning men’s minds devoutly toward God’
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are three example of different artworks depicting Jesus?

A
  • Christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro
  • a Sacred Heart statue
  • the crucifix
20
Q

What are the features of the Sacred Heart statue?

A

The Sacred Heart statue is a statue of Jesus that represents his total self-giving love for all people. It usually includes some of all of the following features:
- An expression of peace and love
- Flames coming from the heart. Which represents the burning love that Jesus has fooled people
- A whole a person through the heart to represent one of the soldiers facing cases his side of the spare after he died
- Holes in the hands, like she is it was nailed to the cross
- One of the Jesus’ hands pointing to his heart, to draw attention to it
- Thorns surrounding the heart to represent the crown that was placed infuses his head when he was mocked by soldiers at his crucifixion

21
Q

What is the Sacred Heart statue a symbol of for Catholics?

A

The Sacred Heart statue is a reminder of the total love that Jesus has for all people. This love was demonstrated in particular when Jesus accepted his death in order to save humanity, which is why the Sacred Heart statue includes symbols of Jesus’ crucifixion.

22
Q

What are the different Christian attitudes to art that portrays Jesus?

A

Some Christians (including Catholics) approve of art that shows Jesus because it can help people to focus on aspects of his teachings and life. However, some Christians are against depicting Jesus in art because:
- the second commandment indicates it is wrong to worship images, and some people may believe
- that Christians are worshipping the statues
- depicting Jesus as a human could be misleading, because it ignores the fact he is also fully God
- no one knows what Jesus looked like, so it is wrong to try to depict him through art.

23
Q

How did Jesus approach changing Catholic teachings?

A
  • Christians believe that Jesus ‘fulfilled’ the law. This means that he generally followed the law, but he also developed the law to make it more perfect.
  • In the Old Testament, the law mainly focused on the actions people should or shouldn’t do. Jesus taught that it is more important to focus on people’s attitudes. If people start with the right attitude, then they will do the right thing.
  • For example, Jesus taught that instead of just avoiding murder, people should have a loving attitude and should avoid getting angry with others.
24
Q

How does the Bible show Jesus’ approach to the law?

A

Jesus’ approach to the law is shown in the Beatitudes (Matthew 5:1-12), which form the first part of the Sermon on the Mount. This is a sermon (or talk) that Jesus gave to his followers to teach them how to live a life dedicated to pleasing God.

25
Q

What are the Beatitudes?

A

The Beatitudes are a series of statements in which Jesus blessed certain attitudes or approaches to living and said how people with those attitudes would be rewarded. For example:
- ‘Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth.’
- ‘Blessed are the pure in heart, for they will see God.’
- ‘Blessed are the merciful, for they will receive mercy.’

26
Q

What is the parable of the Sheep and Goats?

A
  • The parable of the Sheep and the Goats is a story in the Bible in which Jesus tells his followers that in serving and caring for other people, they are serving God. It shows Christians how they should respond to those in need.
  • Jesus teaches that caring for people in need is extremely important. By showing love and kindness to others, Christians will be judged favourably by God and rewarded with eternal life in heaven.
27
Q

What is a quote to show how Jesus wants Catholics to treat others from the parable of Sheep and Goats?

A

“l was hungry and you gave me food, I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink, I was a stranger and you welcomed me, I was naked and you gave me clothing, I was sick and you took care of me, I was in prison and you visited me.” Matthew 25:35-36

28
Q

What does St Irenaeus teach about Jesus?

A

In his writings called Adversus haereses (Against heresies), St Irenaeus showed how Jesus – as someone who is fully God and fully human - is the meeting point between God and humanity.
St Irenaeus wrote that Jesus ‘revealed God to men’:
- God is invisible: he is beyond human sight and understanding.
- But Christians can get to know what God is like through Jesus.
- Because Jesus is the Son of God, he displays qualities of God.
- This means Christians can develop a better understanding of God’s nature through examining the life and actions of Jesus.

29
Q

What does St Irenaeus teach about the glory of God being a human being, fully alive?

A

St Irenaeus wrote that ‘Life in man is the glory of God! This phrase is also often translated as ‘the glory of God is a human being, fully alive’.
- This phrase is primarily talking about Jesus.
- For Christians, Jesus was the perfect human being. He always followed God’s wishes and perfectly displayed all the qualities that God wants people to have.
- Because of this, Jesus is ‘fully alive’ and the ‘glory of God’
- Jesus sets the example for all other Christians to follow.
- By following Jesus’ teachings and becoming more open to God, all people can become more ‘fully alive’, to share in God’s glory.

30
Q

What does Dei Verbum 4 teach about the incarnation?

A

God is revealed in Jesus; his death defeats sin and brings salvation to all. Jesus is also a man sent to be among his people.

31
Q

What does Verbum Domini 12 teach about the incarnation?

A

God deliberately limited himself so humans could make sense of His love. “The eternal word became small- small enough to fit in a manger”. Jesus would always do God’s will no matter what it cost him.

32
Q

What is grace?

A
  • the love that unites the three Persons of the Trinity
  • free and unconditional gift of love from God
  • helps people to become aware of what God wants from them
  • gives believers the strength to do what God wants them to
33
Q

What is a sacrament?

A
  • Defined by the Catholic Church as an ‘outward sign of inward grace’. This means a sacrament is a sign of God’s love.
34
Q

What is the sacramental nature of reality?

A

The idea that the whole of reality can be seen as a sacrament
- the world and everything in it is a sign of God’s love
- God’s presence and love can be seen throughout the world

35
Q

How has the incarnation helped Catholics view reality as a sacrament?

A
  • Before the incarnation God was seen as a distant being.
  • Jesus was the ultimate gift of God’s love to humanity.
  • Since Jesus lived on earth people can see God as a living and active presence.
  • Even though Jesus isn’t present on earth, his spirit is till actively sharing God’s love with all people.
  • Jesus helped to bring God’s love and presence into the world. This makes the world sacramental in nature.
36
Q

What are the seven sacraments?

A
  • Seven rites in the Catholic Church that give grace to a person. They help to make a person’s life more holy.
  • The seven sacraments are: baptism, confirmation, the Eucharist, marriage, ordination, reconciliation and the sacrament of the sick
37
Q

What is the action and effect of baptism?

A

Action
- When a person becomes a member of the Church.
- Water is poured on the persons head to symbolise the washing away of sin.
- Only happens once in a persons life
Effect
- The person becomes a child of God

38
Q

What is the action and effect of confirmation?

A

Action
- When a person chooses to confirm they are a member of the church
- Their forehead is anointed with holy oil.
- Only happens once in a person’s life
Effect
- The person’s faith is strengthened and deepened
- The power of the Holy Spirit is renewed in their life

39
Q

What is the action and effect of eucharist?

A

Action
- When a person receives the consecrated Bread and Wine, the Body and Blood of Christ.
- Can happen on a regular basis, during the Mass
Effect
- The person receives the life of Christ.
- This helps them to keep grow in God’s love.

40
Q

What is the action and effect of ordination?

A

Action
- When a person becomes a priest, bishop, or deacon.
- Happens through the laying on of hands and the anointing of the hands with chrism: a symbolic gesture that passes on the power of the Holy Spirit
- For each position, this can only happen once in a person’s life.
Effect
- The person commits himself to God and the Church.
- He is given certain dowers such as being able to consecrate at mass, preach, and pass on from God the forgiveness of sins.

41
Q

What is the action and effect of marriage?

A

Action
- When a man and woman give their consent to be married
- Usually only happens once in a person’s life
Effect
- The couple accept that, through their love for each other, their love of God is active in their lives

42
Q

What is the action and effect of reconciliation?

A

Action
- When a person confesses their sins to a priest, and these are forgiven
- The person’s relationship with God is restored.
- Can happen on a regular basis.
Effect
- The person’s relationship with God is restored.

43
Q

What is the action and effect of sacrament of the sick?

A

Action
- When a person who is very ill is anointed with oil
- Can happen more than once in a person’s life
Effect
- Gives strength to the person and forgives their sins

44
Q

When does the Catholic Church teach that life begins?

A
  • The Catholic Church teaches that the whole person is present from the moment of conception. After this the foetus grows and develops, but it is always the same person who was growing and developing - just like a young child grows and develops into a teenager.
45
Q

Why does the Catholic Church think life begins from contraception?

A
  • Luke 1: 39-45 supports the Catholic belief that human life begins at the moment of conception.
  • Mary, now pregnant, visits her cousin Elizabeth, who is pregnant with John the Baptist. When Mary greets Elizabeth, Elizabeth is ‘filled with the Holy Spirit’. Her unborn baby also reacts to the presence of Jesus.
  • ‘For as soon as I heard the sound of your greeting, the child in my womb leaped for joy.’ Luke 1:44
46
Q

Why is the Catholic Church against abortion?

A
  • Imago dei is latin for ‘image of God’.
  • The Catholic Church teaches that humans are made in the image of god.
  • This means that all human life is holy, and it should be protected.
  • Because human life begins at the moment of conception, this protection should extend to unborn foetuses.
47
Q

How might Catholics protect unborn children?

A
  • support a pro-life organisation that campaigns to reduce the abortion limit or ban abortion completely.
  • support an organisation that cares for women who have decided not to abort their child, but who are facing emotional or financial problems as a result.

Religious Studies (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions