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Religious Studies > Creation > Flashcards

Creation Flashcards

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1
Q

How does Michelangelo’s Creation of Adam present God?

A
  • God carries through air by angels shows his transcendence
  • God’s stance represents movement when God makes Adam come to life
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2
Q

How does Michelangelo’s Creation of Adam present Adam?

A
  • He is shown as perfect man and full of strength which reflects that God made everything “very good” Genesis 1:31
  • Adam is shown as not fully alive as waiting for God’s touch to bring him to life
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3
Q

How does Michelangelo’s Creation of Adam present Adam and God?

A
  • Both reaching for each other’s hands to show longing for man and God’s relationship
  • Both’s positions are mirrored of the others to show how humanity is “made in the image of God” Genesis 1:27
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4
Q

How does Michelangelo’s Creation of Adam contradict Catholic beliefs?

A
  • Genesis 2:7 states that God brought Adam to life by breathing into his nostrils, rather than touching him
  • In the painting, God and Adam are similar sizes which presents the idea that they are equal which they aren’t
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5
Q

What is another piece of Christian art that depicts creation?

A

Hildreth Meière’s mosaic of the hand of God in creation

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6
Q

How does Meière’s mosaic reflect Catholic beliefs?

A
  • Lines extend from God’s hand to the edge of the circle (which depicts the edge of the universe). This reflects the idea that God created everything in the universe, and that his influence and power touch all things
  • God’s hand is large compared to the size of the cloud above it. This helps to show God’s greatness and power.
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7
Q

How do Creation of Adam and Meière’s mosaic show God’s nature?

A
  • Both show God is the creator
  • Both show God is powerful and eternal
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8
Q

How do Creation of Adam and Meière’s mosaic show God?

A

Creation of Adam
- God is shown as an old man. Some Christians object to this as they think an eternal God should not be presented as ageing.
Meière’s mosaic
- Only God’s hand is shown. Some Christians think this symbol of God’s creative power is more acceptable way of showing him, as God is infinite

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9
Q

How do Creation of Adam and Meière’s mosaic show God’s role in creation?

A

Creation of Adam
- It focuses on the act of God creating humanity, so conveys more about God and humanity’s relationship.
Meière’s mosaic
- More abstract so conveys a greater sense that God is always creating everything, but shows little to nothing about God and humanity’s relationship.

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10
Q

How is creation presented in Genesis 1?

A
  • Genesis 1 describes God’s creation of the universe and how he created it over six days, using the power of his word to bring things to life
  • Catholics do not believe Genesis 1 is to be percieved as a scientific account but that it does teach us of some important truths about God’s nature and role in creation.
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11
Q

How is God presented as creator in Genesis 1?

A
  • God is the only creator, who has created everything, ensuring that Christians should worship only this one God.
  • All of creation should be cared and looked after as it was made by God, and is special.
  • Genesis 1:27 describes that humanity was made in God’s image, so we share qualities with God, and it is these qualities that allow us to have a close relationship with God
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12
Q

How is God presented as omnipotent in Genesis 1?

A
  • God has the power to do whatever he wants, and even create things from nothing.
  • Genesis 1:31 says how God made everything “very good”; God is so powerful that everything he makes is exactly how he wants it.
  • Christian belief in God’s omnipotence is what allows us to trust him, as he has the power to do or change anything.
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13
Q

How is God presented as transcendent in Genesis 1?

A
  • God needs only his words to create; he is completely above and beyond the created world - he is transcendent.
  • This idea is shown in Genesis 1:3 when “God says ‘Let there be light’ and there was light.”
  • The idea of God being transcendent also means that he is beyond all human understanding and that he cannot be described by human words, or understood by human minds.
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14
Q

How does Genesis 2 present humans sharing the Spirit of God?

A
  • Genesis 2:8 explains how God made humans in his image.
  • Genesis 2:7 describes how God created Adam, the first man, by breathing into him - “the Lord God… breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and the man became a living being.”
  • The Hebrew word for ‘breath’ is ru’ach which is also translated as ‘spirit’ showing that humans share the Spirit of God, and in this he gives humans some of his qualities.
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15
Q

How does Genesis 2 show God gives humans free will?

A
  • It describes how God made the garden of Eden for Adam to live in and God tells Adam that he may eat from any tree in the garden except for the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.
  • Although God ‘commands’ Adam not ot eat from tree, he doesn’t actively prohibit him from doing so - he gives Adam a choice: the free will to decide for himself whether or not to eat from the tree.
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16
Q

What do Christians believe about free will?

A

They believe that using free will to sin results in turning away from God, and this is why evil exists in the world. Using free will to live in a way that pleases God, brings them closer to him.

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17
Q

How does Genesis teach Catholics about stewardship?

A
  • In Genesis 1:28, God tells Adam and Eve to ‘subdue’ the Earth and ‘have dominion’ over every living thing. This suggests that humans have been given power and authority to rule over all other creatures.
  • In Genesis 2:15, God puts Adam in the garden of Eden to ‘till it and keep it’. This suggests looking after the world with care and love.
    Both these verses teach Christians that they have a duty to look after the environment on behalf of God and that the world is a gift from God, but he expects them to protect and care for it in return.
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18
Q

How does Genesis teach Catholics about the dignity of human beings?

A
  • Genesis 1:27 states how God made humans ‘in his image’ which means all humans are equal as created by God and share the qualities of him.
  • This means for Catholics that all people have dignity so all are worthy of honour and respect.
  • Everyone should respect their own dignity and the dignity of others.
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19
Q

How does Genesis teach Catholics about the sanctity of life?

A
  • Genesis 1:28 describes when God blesses humans after he creates them, which leads to the belief that all creation is holy because it was created and blessed by God.
  • This idea of life being holy and sacred is called the sanctity of life.
  • Catholic belief in sanctity of life means that every stage of life should be treated with care and respect.
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20
Q

What is the structure of the first part of the Bible?

A

The Old Testament describes how God guided the Jews throughout their early history, before the arrival of Jesus, and it contains four main sections.
- Law: first five books that tell how the Jews became people of God and contains the guidelines that God wanted the Jews to follow (including the ten commandments).
- History: how God guided the Jews and how they often refused to listen, the stories were included to help later generations to avoid making the same mistakes.
- Wisdom: a mixture of prayers, psalms, poems, and book of advice that help people understand their faith in a way that pleases God.
- Prophecy: the books of the prophets whose inspired words challenged people to remain faithful to God and taught them that God is active in the world.

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21
Q

What is the structure of the second part of the Bible?

A

The New Testament deals with the life and teachings of Jesus and his apostles, Jesus’ closest friends who became leaders of the early Church, and contains four main sections.
- The Gospels: cover the actions and teachings of Jesus
- The Acts of the Apostles: tell some of the events in the early Church.
- The Epistles: letters written by the apostles and discuss how to follow Jesus’ teaching in everyday life.
- The Book of Revelation: written by the apostle John and includes his own mystical visions, which some Catholics belive describe the end of the world.

22
Q

Why did the four books of the New Testament get accepted into the New Testament?

A

They passed four important criteria:
- backed by authority of one of the apostles, or someone close to them.
- they were written early on, mostly before the end of the first century.
- they agreed with other teachings and accounts of Christian beliefs.
- they were accepted by all Christian Churches at the time.

23
Q

How is the Bible the word of God?

A

The Bible is called the word of God because throughout it, Christians believe God speaks to his people.
- God guided the writing of the Bible through the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit is God’s presence and love that guides people to do the right thing, the guidance is called inspiration, and the writers of the Bible were inspired by the Holy Spirit.
- The Bible contains the word of God given by the prophets when they guided people to God and his faith through their inspired words.
- The Bible tells of the actions and teachings of Jesus in the Gospels and because Jesus is the Word of God made flesh, through him God speaks to his people.
- The Bible contains the writings of the apostles in the Epistles and because the apostles were filled with the Holy Spirit, it inspired them to preach God’s word.

24
Q

How do Catholics interpret the Bible today through the Magisterium?

A
  • Catholics are guided in their interpretation of the Bible by the Magisterium, which is the teaching authority of the Catholic Church that is guided by the Pope and bishops. They have the authority to shape and confirm the Church’s teachings.
  • Catholics believe that the Magisterium is continually inspired and guided by the Holy Spirit so they can trust them to correctly interpret the Bible.
25
Q

What is a quote to show that Catholics believe the Bible is the word of God?

A

“Sacred scripture is the word of God… while sacred tradition takes the word of God… and hands it on to their successors in its full purity” Dei Verbum 9

26
Q

What does the Catholic Church teach about the creation stories?

A

They teach that they are myths and are stories that intend to convey deep or complex spiritual truths, as well as not to take them literally.

27
Q

What is an example of a creation story as a myth?

A

In Genesis 2, God creates the first woman from the rib of the first man. Catholics do not think that this actually happened. Instead, this is meant to show that humanity is divided into two complementary halves that complete each other.

28
Q

How do Catholics interpret the Genesis creation stories?

A

Catholics believe that the creation stories are not meant to be scientific explanations of how creation happened.
For example, Genesis 1 states that God created the universe in ‘six days’ but the Catholic Church instead describes that ‘day’ is instead a much longer period of time.
Catholics can accept the creation stories as well as the Big Bang theory and the theory of evolution.

29
Q

What is a quote to show how Catholics should interpret other creation theories?

A

“The Big Bang theory… does not contradict the divine act of creating, but rather requires it. The evolution of nature does not contrast with the notion of Creation” Pope Francis

30
Q

What are the main messages of the creation stories for Catholics?

A
  1. God made everything
  2. Everything that God made was good
  3. Humans are the high point of God’s creation
31
Q

How do fundamentalists interpret the Genesis creation stories?

A

Fundamentalists are Christians who interpret the Bible more literally and as a factual record.
They believe the universe and all life in it was created in six days as stated in Genesis 1.

32
Q

Why do fundamentalists view the Genesis creation stories as a factual record?

A
  • The Bible is the word of God so accurate in all respects.
  • God is omnibenevolent so wouldn’t mislead us with inaccurate information.
  • Humans should never prefer their interpretations over God’s actual words.
33
Q

Do fundamentalists agree with other creation theories?

A

Fundamentalists disagree with the theory of evolution as God made humans separately, rather than evolving from other species, as said in Genesis 1. Some are happy to accept that the universe is as old as scientists say.

34
Q

What is natural law?

A

Refers to the idea that all humans are born with a natural understanding of what is right and wrong, it is part of human nature.

35
Q

Why does the Catholic Church believe in the natural ability of humans to know right from wrong?

A
  • God made all of creation good in Genesis 1 and humans are part of this creation.
  • Humans are made in the image of God in Genesis 1:27 so they share in his qualities including being good
36
Q

What does natural law mean for the Church’s teachings?

A
  • Following natural law is important because it is part of God’s will for humans.
  • Humans should not need rules to tell them what is right as they should know intuitively.
37
Q

How does natural law and sanctity of life link?

A

Other moral principles is to protect and preserve life which relates to sanctity of life presenting all life as holy and needing to be respected.

38
Q

What is a quote to show the the Church and science support each other?

A

“If methodical investigation… is carried out in a genuinely scientific manner… it never truly conflicts with faith” Gaudium et Spes 36

39
Q

What are two teachings the Second Vatican Council confirmed that show science and the Church support each other and give an example for each?

A
  • Religion and science do not contradict each other; if the Genesis stories are read as myths rather than literal accounts, they do not contradict the theory of evolution.
  • The Catholic Church is very supportive of scientific advances that help people understand God’s creation; George Lemaitre was a Catholic priest who first proposed the the Big Bang theory, which explains how the universe began.
40
Q

What is the Second Vatican Council?

A

A series of meetings held between 1962 and 1965, by the Pope and the bishops to discuss a series of important issues and update the Church’s teaching on a number of topics

41
Q

What are three reasons why Catholics should care for the environment?

A
  1. All of creation is special because it was made by God in Genesis 1 so every part of it should be valued. Catholics can show their love for God by taking care of the world he has created.
  2. God made humans stewards of the earth in Genesis 2 and so humans have a responsibility from God to look after the earth.
  3. Jesus taught Christians to ‘love your neighbour as yourself’ (Mark 12:31), and ‘neighbour’ includes all the people they share the world with, so Christians should understand how pollution and littering will affect all human life, and future generations.
42
Q

What does the Catholic Church teach about caring the environment?

A

The Church teaches that there is delicate balance within creation so damaging one aspect of the environment could damage many other elements too. Natural resources should be preserved and used carefully so they are still there for future generations to use.

43
Q

What is an example of the Church helping to protect the environment?

A

In 2008, the Vatican installed thousands of solar panels of the roof of one of its main halls. These help to light and regulate the temperature of many building in the Vatican and has reduced their carbon emissions by about 200 tonnes each year.

44
Q

How can Catholics care for the environment on a local level?

A
  • throw away less waste
  • walk, cycle, or use more public transport instead of driving
  • take part in local environmental projects
45
Q

How can Catholics care for the environment on a national level?

A
  • put pressure on politicians to support laws that protect the environment
  • support and buy products from environment-friendly businesses
  • put pressure on companies to ensure they follow environment-friendly policies
46
Q

How can Catholics care for the environment on a global level?

A
  • put pressure on governments to implement policies agreed at international meetings such as Rio +20
  • boycott or help to expose international companies that threaten the environment
47
Q

What is a quote to show that the Catholic Church teaches that everyone should help to protect the environment?

A

“Everyone’s talents and involvements are needed to redress the damage caused by human abuse of God’s creation.” Pope Francis

48
Q

What are three ways sustainability links to Catholic beliefs?

A
  • Much of the world’s energy and many products we use come from natural resources. Sustainability involves only using natural resources at a rate at which they can be replaced, in order to reduce long-term environmental damages.
  • Sustainability links to the Catholic belief that God made every part of creation good, so all of creation is important and valuable.
  • Catholics believe that promoting sustainable living helps to respect the goodness of all of God’s creation.
49
Q

What is CAFOD?

A

It is the official aid agency for the Catholic Church in England and Wales and aims to help impoverished people to create a more balanced, and therefore sustainable, world. CAFOD supports projects that promote sustainable living and help to protect the environment.

50
Q

What are four ways CAFOD supports sustainability?

A
  1. Encouraging people in England and Wales to live more sustainably by giving awards to communities that are taking concrete steps to live in a simpler, more sustainable way.
  2. Supporting or setting up projects that use renewable energy such as solar panels.
  3. Working with groups like MONLAR in Sri Lanka, which helps farmers to adopt sustainable, effective, and inexpensive farming methods like using natural fertilisers.
  4. Helping to found the Beyond 2015 campaign, which supported the creation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals in 2015. Many governments have agreed to try to achieve these goals by 2030 to help improve people’s quality of life and make the world more sustainable.

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