In Depth Primary Sources of Contamination Flashcards
1
Q
Soil and Water
A
Microbes in soil contaminate water sources via runoff
2
Q
Plants and plant products
A
- Surface contamination
- Molds, yeasts, lactic acid bacteria
- Pathogens
3
Q
Food Utensils
A
Contaminated containers for harvesting
4
Q
Intestinal Tract of Humans and Animals
A
- Fecal contamination
- Water used for washing fresh produce
- Enterobacteriaceae
5
Q
Food Handlers
A
- Microbes on hands & outer garments
- Skin, nasal cavity, mouth
- Poor personal hygiene
6
Q
Animal Feeds
A
- Source of salmonellae
- Silage (feed)
- Sources of listeria mono.
- Antibiotics
7
Q
Animal Hides
A
- Microbial contamination of meat/milk
- Removal of hide
- Contaminated udder
8
Q
Air and Dust
A
- Bacillus spp. (spores)
- Mostly Gram-positive bacteria
- Molds, mold spores
- Some yeasts
9
Q
Food Ingredients
A
- Sources of spoilage organism & pathogen
- Source of spores of thermophilic bacteria
10
Q
Equipment
A
- Harvesting, transportation, processing & storage of food
- Contamination from air, raw foods, water & workers
- Cleaning/sanitizing important for food safety
11
Q
Miscellaneous Sources
A
- Packaging materials, e.g. wrappers containers
- Insects, birds, rodents, pets can carry pathogens
