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Soc 1200 > In Class Unit 4.2 > Flashcards

In Class Unit 4.2 Flashcards

1
Q

Paradox of life

A

collective versus individual interests

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2
Q

Collective goods will be exploited unless..

A

maze is constraining, with out constraint people will always act in their own interest

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3
Q

Operations

A

set of rules of the game, authorized used of legitimate force

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4
Q

2 routes to avoiding tragedy

A
  • socialization (people stealing firewood from park dont think its wrong to do so)
  • social c ontrol (government function)
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5
Q

Government concerns

A

connective intérêts, good, integration

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6
Q

Key functions of government

A
  • keep members secure from harm from others
  • keep members secure from harm outside
  • production of collective goods (dams, etc)
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7
Q

Culture is important for..

A

successful integration in the society that we find ourselves, i.e it helps us

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8
Q

Culture is not about ….. but it is about …

A

what people do; the ideas that are behind what people do

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9
Q

Beliefs exists independent of..

A

truth value

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10
Q

Beliefs describe..

A

some aspect of collective reality

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11
Q

Beliefs are used to construct reality in..

A
  • ordinary life

- extraordinary life

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12
Q

Beliefs provide assumptions used as..

A

substitute for direct experience with those we interact with and depend on

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13
Q

Belief systems are..

A

narratives for how the world works

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14
Q

Principle of falsifiability

A

if something is an open or closed system

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15
Q

Principle of falsifiability question. Can you imagine something empirical that would change your mind?

A
  • if yes, open system

- if not, closed system

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16
Q

Cognitive components of culture

A

descriptions (beliefs). beliefs are descriptions of the way the world works

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17
Q

Evaluative components

A

prescriptions (values). When they state a value, they are telling you what you should be doing

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18
Q

Referents

A

what the thing refers to

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19
Q

Empirical world

A

world available to peoples sense (natural)

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20
Q

Super empirical world

A

world beyond our senses (supernatural)

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21
Q

Orientations

A

how you’re looking at the things your interested in describing or prescribing

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22
Q

Individual as observer

A

person IN the world. looking

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23
Q

Individual as manipulator

A

person OVER the world. controlling

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24
Q

Individual as subordinated

A

person SUBJECTED to the world. experience consequences

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25
Q

Theology

A

set of cognitive beliefs. = mythology

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26
Q

Two components of theology, beliefs about..

A
  • the way the world is

- a way of discovering how it is that things occur

27
Q

Difference from science, science is a..

A

belief about the world comprehensibility about the senses

28
Q

2 kinds of theological knowledge

A
  • how things work

- why things work as they do

29
Q

3 universal religious themes

A
  • justice
  • needless suffering
  • death
30
Q

Justice

A

people should receive in proportion to their contributions.

31
Q

Justice ideal connection to norms

A

good fortune is deserved if conforming to norms

32
Q

What challenges justice

A

reality of deviance

33
Q

Needless suffering

A

apparenrtly senseless (ex: random shooting)

34
Q

Theological answer to needless suffering

A

there is an answer, point to it all, even if unrevealed to you

35
Q

Death

A

common issues of justice, sufferings, and death demand meeting and regions provide such

36
Q

What regions supplies

A
  • answers to questions that puzzle significant numbers

- answers to questions that cannot be answered empirically

37
Q

Supernatural character of religion when institutionalized performs social functions for maintaining the pattern of the maze..

A
  • unquestioned authority for group norms
  • extraordinary reward punishments
  • prioritize norms
  • common mythology
38
Q

The important region ____ a group creates problems for religion ____ groups

A

within; between

39
Q

Religions are…

A

ideologies, closed system that give certianity in a risk-filled reality

40
Q

Hierarchy of social justification

A
  1. sanctions justified by norms
  2. norms justified by values
  3. nothing above values to justify
41
Q

Only 2 ways to resolve values disagreements

A
  • divorce (staying away)

- force

42
Q

If you desperately want something to happen but lack technology/tools…

A

prone to magic

43
Q

Types of magic

A

determinant, mechanisms by which effects are produced

44
Q

Implications

A
  • characters are dependent variables
  • holding people responsible
  • control
  • everyone is looking glass
45
Q

Socialization explains past acitions..

A

responsibility is about future actions

46
Q

If controls aren’t built into the person…

A

they will be built into physical and social environments

47
Q

Everyone is a looking glass,

A

you are shaping other continuously. denying this doesn’t reduce truth, only quality of socialization

48
Q

Nature of action

A

meaningful, purposeful, intentional

49
Q

Nature of feedback in an acting system

A

if people are going to have a goal, there must be some way to orient/regulate behaviour toward goal

50
Q

4 components of acting system

A
  1. reference signals (goal system is meeting)
  2. sensing mechanisms (registers variables)
  3. error signals (discrepancy between sensing mechanisms and reference signal)
  4. effector mechanisms (systems response to error signal)
51
Q

What learning means

A

non genetic change

52
Q

2 types of change

A
  • from inability to ability

- from ability to inability

53
Q

Why do people learn

A

because of failure to get desired response from the environment

54
Q

Frustration is a

A

necessary condition for learning

55
Q

Cognitive reaction to frustration

A

surprise

56
Q

Affective reaction to frustration

A

disappointment

57
Q

Evaluative reaction to frustration

A

indignation

58
Q

Not just enough to be frustrated you also need to be… to properly learn

A

shown an alternate route or behaviour

59
Q

Collective goods

A

bought at the price of individual freedom

60
Q

Societies that have more government have more..

A

mechanisms for social intervention

61
Q

Societies that have more government have less..

A

individual freedom

62
Q

Variable is level of government ,,

A

state or stateless

63
Q

Translating strength calculation

A
  • 1-10 % diff = no relationship
  • 11-40 % diff = modest
  • 41-70 % diff = moderate
  • 71-100 % diff = strong
64
Q

Form

A

what kind/type of connection relates the variable in the relationship

Soc 1200 (14 decks)

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