In Class Terms Flashcards
What is osteomyelitis?
inflammation of the medullary cavity, the periosteum, and cortex
cannot happen in the coffin bone
What is osteitis
inflammation of a bone, the periosteum and cortex
bucked shins
pedal osteitis (PIII)
What is lysis
decreased bone/breakdown of bone
creates radiolucency
What is sclerosis?
increasing amount of bone, laying down of bone
osteoarthritis
creates radiopaque
when fixing a break, a callus is what is left over after sclerosis
What is pedal?
coffin bone/foot
What is a sequestrum?
piece of dead bone
non articular: not associated with a particular joint
blunt force trauma
avascular
infection
cannon bones
carpus and tarsus down is the most common area for the sequestrum
it takes 2-3 weeks for a sequestrum to show up on radiograph
What is avascularity?
no longer has a blood supply
What is a chip fracture?
associated with joints, intraarticular (IA)
one articular surface is effected
radial carpal bone (flexed lateral radiograph)
Proximal PI
What is a slab fracture
associated with joints, intraarticular (IA)
two articular surfaces are effected
3rd carpal bone (skyline radiograph)
What is idiopathic?
unknown cause
What is iatrogenic?
caused by humans
when infection is caused after surgery
when needs get stuck in a joint and are not sterile
What is a callus?
bone bridge across a fracture line
What is condylar?
articular fracture
thoroughbreds get in on the lateral side and the left bone gets more impact
treat with screwing the two pieces back together
What is transverse?
fracture is the diaphysis
bone plate for treatment
What is synovitis?
Inflammation of the synovial membrane
effusion is the clinical sign
What is capsulitis?
inflammation of joint capsule
What is arthritis?
inflammation of the joint
What is osteoarthritis?
inflammation of the joint with bone involvement (OA)
also known as degenerative joint disease (DJD)
What is arthroscopy?
less invasive surgical procedure on a joint
to see inside a joint with a camera
2+ portals - camera and instrument
What is arthrotomy?
opening up the joint to see what is wrong with it
gross visualizatoin
What is osteochondritis dissecans?
osteochondrosis: has to do with the mineralization of the cartilage
cartilage transforming to be bones when the horse is growing
What is osteochondrosis?
failure of bone to ossify
What is OCD?
osteochondritis dissecans
What is SBC?
subchondral bone cyst
What is ankylosis?
when the horse shuts down joints
the vet will want to speed up the process of this
chemical injection (ethyl alcohol): increases the overall inflammatory response to a crazy degree to speed up the process
drilling/screwing: creates so much destruction that it increases the inflammation in the joint to heal
What is arthrodesis?
surgically closing the joint
What is an osteophyte?
bone spur
laying down more bone on top of bone
new bone within a joint
What is an enthesiophyte?
new bone associated with soft tissue structures at their origin or insertion
looks like a bone spur but is outside of the joint
What is an avulsion?
piece of bone pulled off by soft tissue
What are shorter limbs caused by?
these happen when a horse fractures a proximal limb bone
all of the muscle associated with the area
they fracture and then the bones shift and shear next to one another
