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Principles of Biology 1 > In class quiz 1 > Flashcards

In class quiz 1 Flashcards

scientific method, designing experiments, controls, life forms, atoms

1
Q

What are the components of the scientific method?

A

Observations, Questions, Hypothesis, Predictions, Tests/experiments, conclusion (Our Queen Hates People That/eagerly Cuss)

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2
Q

Observations

A

Observations can be seen in nature. We can also make observations from scientific readings, like journal articles, abstracts, meetings, ect. From these observations, we develop questions.

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3
Q

Questions

A

We form questions to help explain our observations

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4
Q

Hypothesis

A

Using the questions, we use a hypothesis to generate them. A hypothesis is a tentative answer to the questions we’ve generated. The hypothesis statements should be made through the use of inductive reasoning which is where we take specific observations or questions to make generalized statements.

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5
Q

Prediction

A

Using the hypothesis, we predict the outcome of experiments which will test the hypothesis. We derive predictions through the use of deductive reasoning which is the opposite of induction. Deduction is where we take general statements of the hypothesis and predict specific results.

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6
Q

Experiments or testing the hypothesis

A

Now we design experiments or make observations which will support or disprove the hypothesis. There is no proof in research, only indications. [ to prove smoking causes cancer, we would have to prove that every smoker has cancer.]

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7
Q

Variables

A

factors which effect the outcome of the experiment

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8
Q

Which variable is tested in an experiment?

A

The independent variable [we only test one variable at a time]

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9
Q

Dependent Variable

A

The variable that may change due to the independent variable

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10
Q

What is interchangeable in an experiment?

A

Variables are the only thing interchangeable and you can only change one at a time.

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11
Q

fun fact!!! What do people of the asian descent have the americans dont?

A

Alcohol dehydrogenase in which they can be drunk after half a beer due to making a small amount of this enzyme.

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12
Q

How many controls will be in each experiment?

A

There will only be one positive and one negative control per experiment.

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13
Q

dependent variable you are testing for

A

positive control

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14
Q

the negative control will never be the variable you are testing for

A

true

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15
Q

what is always a negative control because it is pure?

A

water

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16
Q

The positive control is what you are testing for ex: what solution would you see if starch was present in a solution

A

answer: starch

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17
Q

experimental group

A

The independent variable is changed

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18
Q

the control group

A

the independent variable remains the same

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19
Q

Bias

A

Pre-determined notion about how the experiment can go

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20
Q

Can Bias change the results of the experiment?

A

Yes, it may change the results because scientists may purposefully or inadvertently influence the results to fit the hypothesis. Bias can cause the results to be skewed.

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21
Q

Placebo

A

sugar pill instead of your drug

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22
Q

you can get false results due to the placebo because those who dont know what medication that are taking will react as if they have had a drug that they didnt due to the placebo effect, causing false results.

A

true

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23
Q

double-blind experiment

A

neither the scientists nor the participants are aware or reject the hypothesis. If we reject the hypothesis, we must come up with a new hypothesis.

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24
Q

conclusions pt 2

A

based on the results, we accept or reject the hypothesis, if we reject the hypothesis, we must come up with a new one.

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25
Q

We never state that the IV causes the DV, only that there is correlation or a relationship

A

true

26
Q

Theory

A

hypothesis that has been consistently supported by observations or experiments.

27
Q

Law

A

When a theory has been supported over many years with many scientists doing multiple experiments that all support the hypothesis.

28
Q

What has everything they need to be self sufficient?

A

Single-celled organisms

29
Q

specialization increases until some cells do only certain things

A

Multi-cellular organisms

30
Q

Tissue

A

A group of cells that perform a common function

31
Q

Organ

A

A group of tissues that perform a common function

32
Q

Organ system

A

A group of organs that perform a common function

33
Q

Organism

A

any completely living thing

34
Q

homeostasis

A

the steady state of the organism: normal conditions

35
Q

When the body leaves homeostasis it enters infection

A

true

36
Q

Living things take in energy and use it for maintenance and growth, must be able to carry out metabolism- the process of chemical reactions necessary to live. Metabolic activities are kept in balance to maintain homeostasis

A

true

37
Q

makes changes in response to a stimulus in their environment

A

living things

38
Q

a complex set of responses

A

a behavior

39
Q

an increase in size of the cells or an increase in the number of the ells

A

growth

40
Q

changes that occur to the organism during its life

A

development

41
Q

Reproduction is not essential for the survival of independent organisms but must occur for a species to survive

A

true

42
Q

asexual reproduction

A

producing offspring without the use of gametes

43
Q

sexual reproduction

A

producing offspring by the joining of sex cells

44
Q

traits giving an organism an advantage in a certain environment

A

adaptations

45
Q

variations of individuals is important for a healthy species

A

true

46
Q

3 parts of an atom (atom structure)

A

proton, neutron, electron

47
Q

proton

A

positive

48
Q

neutron

A

neutral

49
Q

electron

A

negative

50
Q

the characteristic for organic compounds

A

Organic compounds must contain carbon and must contain a living cell

51
Q

cancer cells have more than just two centrioles

A

true

52
Q

atoms->element->compound->cells->organism

A

know!

53
Q

hydrophilic

A

attracted to water

54
Q

hydrophobic

A

isnt attracted to water

55
Q

Protons and neutrons make up the nucleus of an atom and electrons orbit the nucleus

A

true

56
Q

normally an atom has no charge because the number of protons equals the number of electrons

A

true

57
Q

you cannot change the number of protons in an atom or the atom will become a different element

A

for example - carbon has 6 protons but if it loses one it would become Boron

58
Q

what has two or more elements

A

a compound

59
Q

Atomic number

A

tells us the number of protons in an atom

60
Q

atomic weight/mass

A

weighted average of the number of protons and neutrons. Electrons are not included in the atomic weight because the are so lightweight.

Principles of Biology 1 (3 decks)

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