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Human Nutrition > In class MC > Flashcards

In class MC Flashcards

1
Q

What temperature range allows for fastest bacterial growth on food?

A

4 -57 degrees celsius

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2
Q

A 10 y/o boy has a BMI at the 90th percentile. What does that mean?

A

The boy weighs LESS than 10% of his peers and is considered overweight

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3
Q

What is the difference in growth spurts between boys and girls?

A

Occurs earlier in girls than boys

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4
Q

Describe Pepsinogen

A

In its active form, it begins the digestion of food proteins

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5
Q

What is considered a macronutrient

A

Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins

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6
Q

What are not considered macronutrients?

A

Vitamins

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7
Q

What are the two major functions of the digestive system?

A

Absorption and digestion

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8
Q

How does type one diabetes occur?

A

The bodies immune system destroys the pancreatic cells that produce insulin.

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9
Q

What causes lactose intolerance?

A

When the body does not create enough of the enzyme lactese

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10
Q

What eating disorder does the following demonstrate characteristics of? “I was good today- I was in control. For breakfast I had half an apple, for lunch, half a piece of toast and for dinner broth.

A

Self starvation- characteristic of anorexia nervosa

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11
Q

What ED does the following description explain? “ I was really depressed by the results of my exam so I bought a tub of ice cream and some chocolate bars and ran on the treadmill for 2 hours.

A

Binge-eating with non-purging compensating behaviour

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12
Q

Describe aerobic capacity

A

A measure of how long a person can perform a physical task such as running or climbing

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13
Q

What is the best way to describe the relationship between fitness and body composition?

A

As a person becomes more fit, the proportion of muscle in the body increases

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14
Q

What is the main difference between the nutritional needs of a serious athlete and those of a casual exerciser?

A

The amount of energy and fluid needed

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15
Q

What is a valid description of the vitamin status of Canadian teens

A

Vitamin A intake for both girls and boys is of concern

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16
Q

What causes the basal metabolic rate (BMR) to decrease by 2-3% every decade after the age of 20?

A

Reduction of lean body mass and a decrease in physical activity are the root cause of the decrease in BMR

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17
Q

What decreases the likelihood of food borne illnesses?

A

Thoroughly cooking hamburger, chicken and eggs
Storing food properly
Preventing cross contamination

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18
Q

What are the most common foods implicated in cases of salmonella food borne infection?

A

Eggs and chicken

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19
Q

What were the results of the canadian community health survey (CCHS) survey on the factors that contribute to good health?

A

The more health-promoting factors a person has in his/her life the greater his/her overall good health in both older and younger adults.

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20
Q

Obesity is on the rise in almost all countries. What is being described?

A

Globesity

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21
Q

A decreased growth in height in children, what is being described?

A

Stunting

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22
Q

Currently what bears the LEAST responsibility for worldwide food shortages?

A

Inability of worldwide food providers to keep up with consumption

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23
Q

What is the single GREATEST cause of food insecurity?

A

Poverty

24
Q

What does NEAT stand for?

A

Nonexercise activity thermogenesis

25
Q

Define NEAT

A

The energy spent for everything we do outside of sleeping, eating or sports like exercise

26
Q

Give an example of NEAT movement

A

Walking from your apartment to work

27
Q

What does TEF mean?

A

Thermic effect of food

28
Q

Define TEF

A

energy required for digestion, absorption and metabolism of food and nutrients

29
Q

How much energy does TEF take up?

A

10% of daily energy intake

30
Q

How much energy does NEAT take up?

A

15% of daily energy intake

31
Q

Where does the most common contamination occur in food consumption

A

When the food is consumed

32
Q

What is the source of giardia?

A

Fecal contamination of water and undercooked foods

33
Q

What are the symptoms of giardia?

A

diarrhea, abdominal pain, gas, anorexia, nausea, vomiting

34
Q

How long is the onset of giardia?

A

5-25 days

35
Q

What is the duration of giardia?

A

1-2 weeks but may become chronic

36
Q

What is the source of Salmonella?

A

Fecal contamination, raw or undercooked eggs and meat, especially poultry

37
Q

What is the source of Escherichia (E) coli?

A

fecal contamination, undercooked

38
Q

What are the symptoms of E coli?

A

abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea

39
Q

What are symptoms of salmonella?

A

Nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, headache, fever

40
Q

When is the onset of salmonella?

A

6-48 hours

41
Q

What is the duration of salmonella?

A

1-2 days

42
Q

What is the onset of E. Coli

A

5-48 hours

43
Q

What is the duration of E.Coli

A

3 days- 2 weeks

44
Q

What foods are the most likely to go bad on a picnic?

A

The ones that are altered and handled the most from their original state

45
Q

What are the seven principles of HACCP?

A
  1. conduct a hazard analysis
  2. Identify critical control points
    3.Establish critical limits
  3. Establish monitering limits
  4. establish corrective actions
  5. establish verification procedures
  6. establish record-keeping and documentation procedures
46
Q

What score is considered OVERWEIGHT on the BMI?

A

25-29

47
Q

What score is considered OBESE on the BMI?

A

30+

48
Q

What three chronic diseases are highly correlated with excess weight gain?

A

High blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease

49
Q

For which of the following would the recommended energy intake, per unit of body weight be the lowest?
A. Two Month old infant
B. 80-y/o Female

A

80 y/o female

50
Q

What is the most effective way of assessing body composition

A

Skinfold thickness

51
Q

What kind of fat is the most dangerous?

A

Visceral fat

52
Q

Why is visceral fat more dangerous than subcutaneous fat?

A

Visceral fat is more dangerous because it is located around the organs and is harder to lose

53
Q

Where is visceral fat found

A

Abdomen

54
Q

Where is subcutaneous fat found?

A

In the hips

55
Q

is obesity considered an ED

A

Yes

Human Nutrition (3 decks)

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