Impt to know!

Question 1

most effective way of screening for drug abuse?

Answer 1

screening tool

–more likely to answer on paper than verbally

Question 2

4 step guide to assessing for alcohol abuse:

Answer 2

1) ask about alcohol use
2) assess for alcohol use disorders
3) advice and assist
4) at follow up continue support

Question 3

are urine drug screens highly effective?

Answer 3

NO! terrible!

may not detect many street drugs

Question 4

inhalants can cause death by:

Answer 4

asphyxiation

cardiac dysrhythmias

Question 5

what will MRI show if death from inhalants?

sx of inhalants?

Answer 5

MRI shows atrophy, white matter changes

• -peripheral neuropathy similar to Guillain Barre syndrome
• -decreased reflexes
• -cerebellar ataxia, optic neuropathy, parkinsonism, etc

Question 6

good screening tool for drug use?

Answer 6

CRAFFT screening tool:
ever ridden in CAR with someone high?
ever use drugs/alcohol to RELAX?
ever use ALONE?
ever FORGET things?
do family/FRIENDS tell you to cut down?
ever gotten in TROUBLE?

Question 7

dextromethorphan (DXM)

Answer 7

robotripping!
abuse of cough & cold medicine
life threatening effects: serotonin syndrome, high fever, rhabdomyolysis, arrythmias, loss of consciousness, brain damage

Question 8

serotonin syndrome assoc. w/?

sx?

Answer 8

assoc w/ dextromethorphan use
sx= agitation or restlessness, diarrhea, tachycardia & htn, hallucinations, increased body temp, loss of coordination, nausea, overactive reflexes, rapid changes in BP, vomiting

Question 9

serotonin syndrome tx?

Answer 9

Benzodiazepines: Diazepam (valium), Lorazepam (Ativan) to decrease agitation, seizure-like movements, & muscle stiffness

• -Cyproheptadine (Perilactin): blocks serotonin produc.
• -fluids by IV
• -withdrawal of medicines that caused the syndrome

Question 10

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is assoc. w/what deficiency?

Answer 10

Thiamine (B1)

Question 11

sx of Wenicke-Korsakoff syndrome?

Answer 11

• -irrritabilty, peripheral neuritis, decreased tendon reflexes, loss of vibration sense, aseptic meningitis, ataxia
• -d/t lesions in brain

Question 12

what is Beriberi syndrome? sx?

Answer 12

assoc w/Thiamine (B1) deficiency

–cardiac failure, loud piercing cry, vomiting, cyanosis, dyspnea

Question 13

most common cause of preventable blindness in children?

Answer 13

Vit A deficiency

Question 14

corneal xerosis, keratomalacia, & Bitot spots are assoc. w/?

Answer 14

Vit A deficiency

Question 15

cheilosis, keratitis, glossitis, & normocytic, normochromic anemia are assoc. w/:

Answer 15

Riboflavin (B2) deficiency

Question 16

pellagra

Answer 16

assoc. w/Niacin deficiency
4 D's:
--diarrhea
--dementia
--dermatitis (sunburn on photosensitive areas)
--death
\+ red tongue, neuro sx

Question 17

INH meds cause what deficiency?

Answer 17

B6 (pyridoxine)

Question 18

scurvy is assoc. w/?

Answer 18

Vit C deficiency

Question 19

kyphosis & osteopenia are assoc. w/:

Answer 19

Vit C deficiency

Question 20

2 signs of rickets:

Answer 20

1) Rachitic Rosary (“beading of the ribs”)

2) Harrison’s Groove (spooning of the ribcage)

Question 21

rickets is seen w/:

Answer 21

Vit D deficiency

Question 22

1st screener for Vit D deficiency:

Answer 22

alkaline phosphatase level (will be way high)

• -hypophosphatemia (us. assoc. w/renal disease)
• -parathyroid hormone will be elevated–an attempt to normalize phosphate level

Question 23

3 parts of female athlete triad

Answer 23

1) disordered eating
2) menstrual dysfunction
3) osteoporosis

Question 24

SCOFF questionnaire

Answer 24

for eating disorders:
make yourself SICK?
every lost CONTROL?
recently lost 1 STONE (14lb) in 3 mos?
think you're FAT?
FOOD dominates your life?

Question 25

IDW

Answer 25

ideal body weight

look at charts

Question 26

orthostatic hypotension

Answer 26

check BP & pulse sitting
have pt stand for 2 min then retake
--increase 20 bpm
--decrease 20 mm Hg in systolic BP
--decrease 10 mm in diastolic BP

Question 27

result of binging & purging?

Answer 27

hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis

vomiting makes you alkalotic