Exam 2 Flashcards
when is it recommended Pap Smears start?
not until age 21
at what age is first cervical cancer screening?
age 21
w/age 30 and older, how often do you screen for cervical cancer?
once every 3 years
ages 21-30, what are cervical cancer screening recommendations?
q 2 years
4 mechanisms of action for contraception?
1) prevention of ovulation
2) alteration of cervical mucus
3) alteration of endometrial lining
4) alteration of tubal motility
first-line choice of contraception per ACOG?
IUD
IUD risk for perforation?
1 in 1000
the ONE contraindication for IUD?
CURRENT PID
does Mirena suppress ovulation?
No! ovulation is not suppressed
causes some thinning of the endometrium & less bleeding over time, esp after 6 mos
skyla is good for how long?
3 yrs
chief side effect of Nexplanon?
causes a lot of irregular bleeding
also…not good if child scars keloids
progestins mechanism of action?
thickens cervical mucus so sperm can’t get to egg
ortho evra is made up of?
the patch!
norelgestromin (progestin)
+ ethinyl estradiol (estrogen)
ortho evra should not be used in…
pts over 200 lbs
if have a lot of body fat– be wary of patch!
side effect of ortho evra?
assoc. w/thromboembolism! higher risk than other methods
nuvaring mechanism of action?
1) endometrial changes
2) thickens cervical mucus
depo = intramuscular progestin
black box warning is for?
loss of bone density w/prolonged use
other ADEs of depo?
breakthrough bleeding weight gain depression acne headaches
benefits of OCPS
- -improves hirsutism
- -prevents ectopic pregnancies, lower rates of ovarian cysts/cancer
- -decrease menstrual cramps, midcycle pain, bleeding PMS
- -can increase libido & increase HDL/decrease LDL
low-dose OCPs: dosage?
- -most ppl start at 30-35 & see how they tolerate it
- -20 is lowest effective dose
- -if over 150 lbs: consider 30-35 of Ethinyl estradiol, PLUS ortho-cyclen/sprintec/MonoNessa (norgestimate) or Crystelle/Lo-Ovral/Low-Owgestrel for heavy bleeding (Norgestrel)
Yasmin contains:
- -Drospirenone 3mg + 30 mcg Ethinyl estradiol
- **Greater risk thrombolytics
- **Do not use w/renal hepatic or adrenal insufficiency, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, or antiinflammatory drugs –> d/t risk of hyperkalemia
Aches pneumonic?
Abdominal pain Chest pain/SOB/coughing up blood Headache (severe) Eye problems Severe leg pain (calf or thigh)--> thrombosis
CIs to OcPs
Active liver disease Presence of Leiden factor V mutation Htn Smokers Breast cancer
