Improvised Explosive Devices-IED Flashcards
What is a “Thermal Effect”?
The bright flash or fireball when the BOOM goes off…
Does the Thermal Effect do the most damage?
NO! its the baby of all the damages… least damage.
What part of the explosion does the MOST damage?
Blast Pressure
What are the two distinct phases for blast pressure?
Positive and Negative/Suction Phase
What is the Positive Phase during the blast pressure?
Its the pressure wave that moves outward from the point of detonation.
What is the Negative Phase during the blast pressure?
Partial vacuum created near the epicenter due to outward movement of air.
Whats the Blast Pressure Effect?
VERY HOTTTT gases…. (between 3,000-7000) formed in approximately 1/10,000 of a second expand out from the point of detonation at SUPERSONIC velocities of up to 20,000 miles per hr.
What are the 4 types of injuries sustained during a blast?
Primary Blast Injury
Secondary Blast Injury
Tertiary Blast Injury
Quaternary Injury
Que es Primary Blast Injury?
Caused by the direct effects of blast upon the body.
Whats the Secondary Blast Injury?
Caused by propelled fragmentation
Whats Tertiary Blast Injury?
Occurs when a casualty’s body is propelled by blast against the ground, equipment, structures, or other stationary objects.
Whats Quaternary Injury?
Everything else not covered by primary, secondary and tertiary blast.
Primary blast injuries occur through three basic mechanisms which are….
Implosion, Spalling and inertial effects
*** What is the most common cause of death in explosions?
Secondary blast injury.
What is Fragmentation Effect?
When an encased explosive such as a pipe bomb detonates, the rapidly expanding gases produced by the explosion enlarge the casing to about one and one-half times its original diameter before it raptures.
What are objects propelled from around the detonation point and fractured pieces of the intended target that become lethal missiles called?
Secondary Fragmentation.
What is a improvised explosive device (IED)?
A device placed or fabricated in a manner incorporating destructive, lethal, noxious, pyrotechnic, or incendiary chemicals designed to kill, destroy, incapacitate, harass, or distract.
What are the 4 components of an IED?
A power source, an initiator, an explosive and a switch.
P.I.E.S. (5th could be a container)
Do high explosives require confinement for detonation?
No.
What are three primary IED methods of initiation?
Timed
Victim-Operated or Booby Trap
Command
What is a Vehicle-Borne Improvised Explosive Device?
A vehicle modified to conceal and deliver a large IED to a target for the purpose of inflicting mass casualties and catastrophic property.
What are two primary differences between a IED and a Vehicle-Borne Improvised Explosive Device? (VBIED)
The size off the device and the vehicle.
What are the 3 primary VBIED methods of Initiation?
Timed, Command and suicide
What mandatory evacuation distance for a 5 lb pipe bomb?
70 Ft., Preferred is 1200
What mandatory evacuation distance for a suicide bomber? (20 lbs)
110 Ft., Preferred is 1700 ft
What mandatory evacuation distance for a briefcase/suitcase? (50 lbs)
150 Ft., Preferred 1850ft
What mandatory evacuation distance for a car? (500 lbs)
320 Ft., 1900 ft
What is the hot zone?
The innermost perimeter of the event, representing the maximum risk area where the IED inflicted the most destructive damage.
