Improving Crop Yield Flashcards
What is the RIPE project?
Realizing increased photosynthetic efficiency.
They look at improving NPQ, altering photorespiration, improving photosynthesis.
How can NPQ be improved and what does this cause?
By expressing 3 genes:
- VDE
- ZEP
- Psbs
tobacco: 14-20% increase in biomass
soybean: 30% increase in biomass
How can photorespiration be altered to improve yield and what does it result in?
Alternative pathway 3
Introduces 2 genes:
- Cucurbita maxima malate synthase
- Chlamydomonas reinhardtii glycolate dehydrogenase
Results in higher photosynthetic rate and increased quantum yield.
What do AP3 (alternative pathway 3) plants do?
Develop faster, grow taller and produce 40% more biomass.
What are the 2 ways photosynthesis can be sped up?
- Faster electron transport
- Faster calvin cycle
How is electron transport sped up?
Adding in cytochrome complex from red algae:
- FBP/SBPase
- SBPase
- SBPase + cytochrome c6
How is the calvin cycle sped up and how much did yield increase in the greenhouse?
Adding faster FBP/SBPase from cyanobacteria.
52% increase yield in greenhouse