Impression Formation Flashcards
First forming impressions?
Physical appearance
What info can we extract from physical appearance?
Attractiveness
Competence
Sociability (likability)
Morality (honesty)
How does attractiveness form first impressions?
Easily and reliably determined from appearance within seconds
Attractive people perceived to be more:
Interesting
Warm
Outgoing
Socially skilled
What are real life implications of attractiveness?
Jurors more lenient towards attractive defendants
Little political knowledge prefer attractive candidates
Physically attractive children are rated as more intelligent and with greater academic potential
What’s the 2 factor model?
Competence - intelligence, efficacy and ability
Warmth - kindness, likeability, trustworthiness
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What is the 3 factor model?
Competence
Sociability - likability, kindness
Morality - honesty, trustworthiness
What did pagliaro find?
Asked ppts to form an impression of a prospective boss
High vs low in morality and competence
Morality info determined the initial response to the new boss
What’s the accuracy of appearance based impressions?
High agreement between people rating the faces on social traits
What did rule find?
Personality traits are important in predicting voting behaviour
This varies according to culture
Cultural knowledge is needed to make judgements about electoral success
How do photos/videos form impressions?
Photo of scientists rated on social traits
Good scientists = more competent and moral, less sociable and attractive.
Short, silent videos of scientists rated on social traits
Fell TED talks rated on quality and entertainment
No correlation between social traits of the scientists and perceptions of the TED talk
How does environment influence impressions?
Gosling found that strangers ratings of students bedrooms were similar to the students ratings of themselves
We also use cues from one’s environment to make judgments about them
What’s the mere exposure effect?
Exposure to a stimulus without any external reward, which creates familiarity with the stimulus and generally makes people feel more positively about it
How do familiarity influence impressions?
Experimental set up, ppts saw photos of faces either repeatedly or once
Familiar faces were rated as more likeable
How do we interpret cues?
Processed automatically
- spontaneously
- efficiently
- without awareness
All processed automatically, leading to thoughts. Then these thoughts and learned associations lead you to make conclusions about the person.
