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GenPath Lab > Impregnation, Embedding, Microtomy > Flashcards

Impregnation, Embedding, Microtomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is impregnation in histology?

A

Infiltration process

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2
Q

What is the main purpose of tissue impregnation?

A

Firm consistency for cutting

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3
Q

What happens to tissue without firm consistency?

A

Collapses during cutting

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4
Q

What is the ideal volume of embedding medium?

A

At least 25x tissue volume

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5
Q

What is the melting point of paraffin wax?

A

54-58 ℃

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6
Q

What are the three methods of impregnation in histology?

A

Paraffin, Celloidin, Gelatin

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7
Q

Which impregnation method is most common?

A

Paraffin wax impregnation

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8
Q

Which impregnation process is the most expensive?

A

Gelatin impregnation

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9
Q

Manual Processing requires?

A

4 changes of wax

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10
Q

Total time for Manual Processing?

A

1 hour

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11
Q

What does Automatic Processing use?

A

automatic tissue processing machine

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12
Q

Benefit of Automatic Processing?

A

less time and labor

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13
Q

What is Vacuum Embedding?

A

impregnation under negative pressure

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14
Q

Recommended for urgent biopsies?

A

Vacuum Embedding

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15
Q

Reduces impregnation time by?

A

25-75%

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16
Q

Effect of overheating paraffin?

A

shrinkage and hardening

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17
Q

What temperature must the paraffin oven be maintained at?

A

2-5℃ above melting point

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18
Q

What is Celloidin?

A

Purified nitrocellulose

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19
Q

When is Celloidin suitable?

A

Large cavities, hard tissues

20
Q

What is a con of Celloidin?

A

slow and tedious

21
Q

What is the recommended use for Wet Celloidin Method?

A

bones, teeth, organs

22
Q

What does Dry Celloidin Method use?

A

Gilson’s mixture

23
Q

Ideal application for Gelatin Impregnation?

A

fragile specimens

24
Q

What is the tissue thickness limit for Gelatin embedded specimens?

A

2-3 mm

25
Q

What solution prevents mold growth in Gelatin?

A

1% PHENOL SOLUTION

26
Q

What is the process called for arranging tissue in a mold?

A

Orientation

27
Q

What temperature is paraffin melted for embedding?

A

5-10℃ above melting point

28
Q

Sizes of Peel-aways

A

3 different sizes

29
Q

Use of Plastic Ice Trays

A

busy routine laboratories

30
Q

Use of Paper Boat

A

embedding celloidin and paraffin blocks

31
Q

Celloidin/Nitrocellulose Method

A

hard tissues, bones, teeth

32
Q

Low Viscosity Nitrocellulose (LVN)

A

soluble in ether and alcohol

33
Q

Double Embedding Method

A

celloidin and paraffin

34
Q

Which microtome is favored for very hard tissue?

A

Base-Sledge Microtome

35
Q

What type of microtome is most dangerous?

A

Base-Sledge Microtome

36
Q

Describe the Standard Sliding Microtome.

A

Knife moves; block stationary

37
Q

Which microtome is used for paraffin embedded sections?

A

Rotary Microtome

38
Q

Most popular microtome for routine studies?

A

Rotary Microtome

39
Q

Simplest microtome for serial sections?

A

Rocking Microtome

40
Q

Which microtome is used for unembedded frozen sections?

A

Freezing Microtome

41
Q

What replaced the Freezing Microtome in most labs?

A

Cryostat

42
Q

For what work is the Ultrathin Microtome used?

A

Electron microscopy

43
Q

What is Honing?

A

Removal of nicks and irregularities on a knife edge

44
Q

What is stropping?

A

Process to polish knife

45
Q

What is the direction for stropping?

A

Toe to Heel

46
Q

What is the purpose of stropping?

A

Polish and sharpen knife

GenPath Lab (5 decks)

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