Imported Class Flashcards by Melissa Cortes | Brainscape

Q

<p>3</p>

A

<p>three</p>

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Q

<p>melissa & company</p>

A

<p>sample</p>

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Q

<p>sample</p>

A

<p>s</p>

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Q

<p><span>2</span></p>

A

<p><span>two</span></p>

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Q

<p>beta</p>

A

<p>b</p>

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Q

<p>alpha</p>

A

<p>1</p>

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Q

<p>m + 2 = 3</p>

A

<p>test</p>

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Q

<p><span>- Sight (vision)</span></p>

<p><span>- Hearing (audition)</span></p>

<p><span>- Chemical senses</span></p>

<p><span>Smell (olfaction)</span></p>

<p><span>Taste (gustation)</span></p>

<p><span>- Body senses</span></p>

<p><span>Somatosensation</span></p>

<p><span>- Touch (taction/haptics)</span></p>

<p><span>- Proprioception</span></p>

<p><span>Balance (equilibrioception)</span></p>

A

<p><span>sample</span></p>

<p></p>

<p><img></img></p>

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Q

<p>chi</p>

A

<p>sample</p>

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Q

<p><span>sample</span></p>

<p></p>

A

<p><span>sample small</span></p>

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Q

one

A

einer

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Q

two

A

zwei

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Q

three

A

drei

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Q

four

A

vier

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Q

five

A

fünf

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Q

<p>What types of wine should I pair with my takeout meal?</p>

A

<p>sample video</p>

<p></p>

<p><a>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zLyyW7-j9OU</a></p>

<p></p>

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Q

<p><span>What is current?</span></p>

A

<p><span>The charge transferred per second</span></p>

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Q

<p>What is meant by the potential difference (voltage) of a supply?</p>

A

<p>It is the number of Joules of energy given to each coulomb of charge passing through the cell</p>

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Q

<p>Which device measures current?</p>

A

<p>Ammeter</p>

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Q

<p>Which device measures voltage?</p>

A

<p>Voltmeter</p>

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Q

<p>Which device measures resistance?</p>

A

<p>Ohmmeter</p>

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Q

<p>What is the symbol for an ammeter?</p>

A

<p>Circle with an A in it.</p>

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Q

<p>What is the symbol for a voltmeter?</p>

A

<p>Circle with a V in it</p>

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Q

<p>What is the symbol for an Ohmmeter?</p>

A

<p>Circle with an Omega in it</p>

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Q

<p>How should an ammeter be connected to measure the current in a component?</p>

A

<p>It should be connected in series with the component</p>

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Q

<p>How should a voltmeter be connected to measure the voltage across a component?</p>

A

<p>It should be connected across the component</p>

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Q

<p>How can you identify a series circuit?</p>

A

<p>It is a circuit with only one path round it.</p>

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Q

<p>What is the rule for current in a series circuit?</p>

A

<p>The current is the same everywhere</p>

<p>I₁=I₂=I₃</p>

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Q

<p>What is the rule for voltages in a series circuit?</p>

A

<p>The voltage across each component added together is equal to the supply voltage.</p>

<p>V_s=V₁+V₂+ ...</p>

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Q

<p>What happens if you unscrew one of the lamps in the circuit below? Why?</p>

A

<p>The other lamps go out.There is a break in the circuit and the current does not have a complete route to the battery.</p>

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Q

<p>If you heat a conductor, what happens to it's resistance?</p>

A

<p>It increases</p>

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Q

<p>How can a parallel circuit be identified?</p>

A

<p>It is a circuit with more than one path round it.</p>

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Q

<p>What is the rule for current in a parallel circuit?</p>

A

<p>The supply current is equal to the current in each branch added together.</p>

<p></p>

<p>I_S = I₁+I₂+...</p>

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Q

<p>What is the rule for voltages in a parallel circuit?</p>

A

<p>The voltage across each branch is equal to the supply voltage.</p>

<p>V_S=V₁=V₂= ....</p>

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Q

<p>Which circuit component is represented by the following diagram?</p>

A

<p>Cell</p>

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Q

<p>Which circuit component is represented by the following diagram?</p>

A

<p>Battery</p>

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Q

<p>Which circuit component is represented by the following diagram?</p>

A

<p>Switch</p>

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Q

<p>Which circuit component is represented by the following diagram?</p>

A

<p>Lamp</p>

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Q

<p>Which circuit component is represented by the following diagram?</p>

A

<p>Motor</p>

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Q

<p>Which circuit component is represented by the following diagram?</p>

A

<p>Loudspeaker</p>

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Q

<p>Which circuit component is represented by the following diagram?</p>

A

<p>Resistor</p>

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Q

<p>Which circuit component is represented by the following diagram?</p>

A

<p>Variable Resistor</p>

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Q

<p>Which circuit component is represented by the following diagram?</p>

A

<p>Thermistor</p>

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Q

<p>Which circuit component is represented by the following diagram?</p>

A

<p>Light Dependent Resistor</p>

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Q

<p>Which circuit component is represented by the following diagram?</p>

A

<p>Fuse</p>

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Q

<p>Which circuit component is represented by the following diagram?</p>

A

<p>Diode</p>

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Q

<p>Which circuit component is represented by the following diagram?</p>

A

<p>Light Emitting Diode</p>

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Q

<p>Which circuit component is represented by the following diagram?</p>

A

<p>Photovoltaic cell / solar cell</p>

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Q

<p>Which circuit component is represented by the following diagram?</p>

A

<p>Microphone</p>

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Q

<p>What is the energy chage in a battery?</p>

A

<p>Chemical to electrical</p>

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Q

<p>What is the energy change in a lamp?</p>

A

<p>Electrical to light (+ heat)</p>

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Q

<p>What is the energy change in a motor?</p>

A

<p>Electrical to kinetic</p>

Q

<p>What is the energy change in a loudspeaker?</p>

A

<p>Electrical to sound</p>

Q

<p>What is the energy change in a buzzer?</p>

A

<p>Electrical to sound</p>

Q

<p>What is the energy change in an LED?</p>

A

<p>Electrical to light</p>

Q

<p>What is the energy change in a photovoltaic cell?</p>

A

<p>Light to electrical</p>

Q

<p>What is the energy change in a microphone?</p>

A

<p>Sound to electrical</p>

Q

<p>What happens if you increase the resistance in a circuit?</p>

A

<p>The current will decrease</p>

Q

<p>State two place a variable resistor can be used.</p>

A

<p>Light dimmer switch sped control on Scalextric cars volume control on a radio</p>

Q

<p>State a device that can be used in a temperature sensor</p>

A

<p>Thermistor</p>

Q

<p>State a device that can be used in a light sensor</p>

A

<p>LDR</p>

Q

<p>What is a thermistor?</p>

A

<p>A resistor whose resistance changes with changes in temperature</p>

Q

<p>What is a Light Dependent Resistor?</p>

A

<p>A resistor whose resistance changes with changes in light level </p>

Q

<p>What is a fuse?</p>

A

<p>Safety device that protects the flex</p>

Q

<p>Explain how a fuse works.</p>

A

<p>A fuse is a thin wire. If too much current passes through it, it will get hot and melt. This breaks the circuit.</p>

Q

<p>How should a diode or LED be connected with a battery to light correctly?</p>

A

<p>Small line on battery points to small line on LED or diode.</p>

Q

<p>Why is an LED normally connected in series with a resistor?</p>

A

<p>Resistor is to protect the LED by limiting the current in the LED.</p>

Q

<p>What is the rule for selecting a fuse from a power rating?</p>

A

<p>Appliances less than 720W use a 3A fuse Appliances more than 720W use a 13A fuse</p>

Q

<p>What is power?</p>

A

<p>The energytransferred per second</p>

Q

<p>What two factors effect the running cost of an appliance?</p>

A

<p>The time it is used for The power rating of the appliance</p>

Q

<p>How can power losses be reduced in transmission lines?</p>

A

<p>By increasing the transmission voltage and so decreasing teh transmission current. Power loss P = I²R, so if the current is reduced the power lost is reduced.</p>

Q

<p>Suggest a way that we say 'energy is lost' (not converted to the type of energy we want)?</p>

A

<ul> <li>Heat lost to the surroundings due to friction</li> <li>Sound energy lost to air because of vibrations</li> <li>Energy lost as heat to the surroundings</li> <li>Heat lost in heating up a container instead of the substance in it</li></ul>

Q

<p>What happens if you unscrew one of the lamps in a parallel circuit?</p>

A

<p>Other lamps stay on as they still have a complete route to the battery.</p>

Q

<p>What is the stated value of the mains?</p>

A

<p>230V, 50Hz</p>

Q

<p>When would you use a relay?</p>

A

<p>To switch on a high current ciruit using a low current circuit for safety.</p>

Q

<p>How does a relay work?</p>

A

<ul> <li>Close a switch to make a current flow in a wire.</li> <li>This creates an electromagnet.</li> <li>Electromagnet attracts metal switch.</li> <li>This completes the second circuit and the lamp switches on.</li></ul>

Q

<p>Which component does the symbol represent?</p>

A

<p>Buzzer</p>

Q

<p>What is the energy change in a buzzer?</p>

A

<p>Electrical to sound</p>

Q

<p>What is meant by an analogue device?</p>

A

<p>A device that can take any value over a range</p>

Q

<p>What is meant by a digital device?</p>

A

<p>A device that is either ON or OFF or can only take set values.</p>

Q

<p>Name a digital input device.</p>

A

<p>Switch</p>

Q

<p>Name an analogue input device.</p>

A

<p>LDR, Thermistor, microphone, solar cell</p>

Q

<p>Name a digital output device</p>

A

<p>LED</p>

Q

<p>Name an analogue output device</p>

A

<p>Loudspeaker, motor, lamp</p>

Q

<p>Name an everyday device that gives an analogue reading.</p>

A

<p>A clock with hands, speedometer in car, analogue meter (has an arm that moves to give the reading)</p>

Q

<p>Name an everyday device that gives a digital reading.</p>

A

<p>Digital clocks, digital stopwatch, multimeter readings</p>

Q

<p>Suggest an output device that could give light out as a warning.</p>

A

<p>Lamp or LED</p>

Q

<p>Suggest an output device that could make a sound as a warning.</p>

A

<p>Buzzer or Loudspeaker</p>

Q

<p>Suggest an output device that could cause a fan to operate or to generate movement.</p>

A

<p>Motor</p>

Q

<p>Suggest an imput device that could detect changes in temperature</p>

A

<p>Thermistor</p>

Q

<p>Suggest an input device that could detect changes in light level</p>

A

<p>LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)</p>

Q

<p>How would you work out total resistance in a series circuit?</p>

A

<p>Add the resistances together</p>

<p>R_T=R₁+R₂+R₃</p>

Q

<p>Which logic gate is this?</p>

A

<p>AND</p>

Q

<p>Which logic gate is this?</p>

A

<p>OR</p>

Q

<p>Which logic gate is this?</p>

A

<p>NOT</p>

Q

<p>When will an AND gate give a '1' or ON out?</p>

A

<p>When Input 1 AND Input 2 are ON or at '1'</p>

Q

<p>When will anOR gate give a '1' or ON out?</p>

A

<p>When Input 1 isON '1'OR Input 2 isON '1'OR when Input 1 and Input 2 are ON '1'</p>

Q

<p>How does a NOT gate work?</p>

A

<p>Put in an ON '1', get out an OFF '0'</p>

<p>Put in an OFF '0', get out an ON '1'</p>

Q

<p>State Ohm's Law</p>

A

<p>V = IR</p>

<p>Voltage = Current x Resistance</p>

Q

<p>State two methods of generating electrical energy</p>

A

<ul> <li>Solar cells</li> <li>Wind turbines</li> <li>Nuclear power station</li> <li>Hydro electric</li></ul>

Q

<p>State an advantage of generating electrical energy by using wind turbines.</p>

A

<ul> <li>Does not produce greenhouse gases</li> <li>Renewable so it will not run out</li></ul>

Q

<p>State a disadvantage of generating electrical energy by using wind turbines.</p>

A

<ul> <li>It may not always be windy enough to generate enough electrical energy</li> <li>People object to them as they spoil the landscape</li></ul>

Q

<p>State an advantage of generating electrical energy by using solar cells.</p>

A

<ul> <li>Does not produce greenhouse gases</li> <li>Renewable so it will not run out</li></ul>

Q

<p>State a disadvantage of generating electrical energy by using solar cells.</p>

A

<ul> <li>Many not have enough daylight to generate enough electrical energy</li> <li>Can be expensive to install</li></ul>

Q

<p>State an advantage of generating electrical energy by using nuclear power.</p>

A

<ul> <li>Does not produce any greenhouse gases</li> <li>Produces a large amount of energy per kg of fuel</li> <li>Fuel cells can be reprocessed an used again</li></ul>

Q

<p>State a disdvantage of generating electrical energy by using nuclear power.</p>

A

<ul> <li>Produces radioactive waste</li> <li>The waste must be stored for hundreds of years</li> <li>Expensive to build and decomission</li> <li>If there is an accident radioactive material can be released into the environment</li></ul>

Q

<p>State an advantage of generating electrical energy by using hydro-electric.</p>

A

<ul> <li>Does not produce any greenhouse gases</li> <li>The water is not used up in the process</li></ul>

Q

<p>State a disadvantage of generating electrical energy by using hydro-electric.</p>

A

<ul> <li>A dam must be built and land is flooded to create the water storage, this can damage the environment</li> <li>Loss of control of water flow down stream</li></ul>

Q

<p>Which type ofappliances consume the most energy?</p>

A

<p>Ones that are used for heating - kettle, electric shower etc.</p>

Q

<p>What is the efiiciency of a device a measure of?</p>

A

<p>How good an appliance is at converting the input energy to the wanted output energy.</p>

<p>A lamp converts electrical energy to light and heat, it would be more efficient if it did not produce heat.</p>

Q

<p>How do you calculate efficiency?</p>

A

<p>Efficiency = (Useful energy out / Energy In ) x 100</p>

<p>OR</p>

<p>Efficiency = (Useful Power Out / Power In) x 100</p>

Q

<p>If a power station is efficient, what is this on the environment?</p>

A

<ul> <li>Conserves resources (less input energy required to give the same output)</li> <li>This can also reduce the impact on the environment</li></ul>

Q

<p>State two practical users of electromagnets.</p>

A

<ul> <li>Relays</li> <li>Electric Bells</li> <li>Loudspeakers</li> <li>Fire door retainers</li> <li>Maglev Trains</li></ul>

Q

<p>Why do we sometimes use an electromagnet instead of a permanent magnet?</p>

A

<p>An electromagnet can be switched on and off.</p>

Q

<p>How can an electromagnet be constructed?</p>

A

<p>Wire wrapped wrapped round an iron nail. The ends of the wire connected to a battery.</p>

Q

<p>How can the strength of an electromagnet be varied?</p>

A

<ul> <li>More turns of wire = stronger electromagnet</li> <li>Less turns of wire = weaker electromagnet</li> <li>Increase the current through the wire / voltage across the wire = stronger magnet</li> <li>Decrease the current through the wire / voltage acrossthe wire = weaker magnet</li></ul>

Q

<p>What is the purpose of a transformer?</p>

A

<p>To increase or decrease a voltage</p>

Q

<p>What does a step up transformer do?</p>

A

<p>Increases the voltage</p>

Q

<p>What does a step down transormer do?</p>

A

<p>Decreases the voltage</p>

Q

<p>Why are transformers used in electrical transmission lines?</p>

A

<p>To step up the voltage. This decreases the current and reduces the power lost in the transmission lines. At the other end a step down transformer reduces the voltage ready for use in the home.</p>

Q

<p>What are the main parts of a transformer?</p>

A

<p>Primary Coli, Secondary Coil, Iron core</p>

Q

<p>Give one advantage of using overhead cables.</p>

A

<ul> <li>Easy to access for repairs.</li> <li>Easy to spot where a repair is required</li></ul>

Q

<p>Give a disadvantage of overhead cables.</p>

A

<ul> <li>They can look ugly in the countryside</li> <li>High winds, heavy snow can bring them down</li></ul>

Q

<p>Give an advantage of underground cables.</p>

A

<ul> <li>They cannot be seen so do not effect the landscape</li> <li>Will not be effected by snow or heavy winds</li></ul>

Q

<p>Give a disadvantage of underground cables</p>

A

<ul> <li>Have to dig them up for a repair</li> <li>More difficult to find breaks</li></ul>

Q

<p>In a traditional power station (coal, gas or oil fired) what are the main parts that help produce electrical energy?</p>

A

<ul> <li>Boiler</li> <li>Turbine</li> <li>Generator</li></ul>

Q

<p>What is the energy change in a boiler?</p>

A

<p>Chemical to heat</p>

Q

<p>What is the energy change in a turbine? (Traditional power station)</p>

A

<p>Heat to Kinetic</p>

Q

<p>What is the energy change in a generator?</p>

A

<p>Kinetic to electrical</p>