Important things from 5.1 Flashcards
Scientific revolution
1543
French Revolution
1789-1794
Haitian Revolution
1791-1804
Feminism
Focus on recognizing women as human beings rather than property (focus on voting and reproductive rights)
Socialism
a political and economic theory of social organization which advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole.
Zionism
a nationalist, political ideology that called for the creation of a Jewish state, and now supports the continued existence of Israel as such a state.
Semitism
Semitic characteristics, especially the ways, ideas, influence, etc., of the Jewish people.
Serfdom
people who had to keep a certain area of land well kept and were bound to the land.
abolitionism
the movement to end slavery and liberate enslaved individuals around the world.
Classical liberalism
a political branch of liberalism that advocates free market and laissez-faire economics and civil liberties under the rule of law, with special emphasis on individual autonomy, limited government, economic freedom, ect.
laissez-faire economics
a policy of minimum governmental interference in the economic affairs of individuals and society.
Deism
Belief in God based on reason rather than revelation or the teaching of any specific religion. A form of natural religion, Deism originated in England in the early 17th century as a rejection of orthodox Christianity.
Mary Wollstonecraft
renowned women’s rights activist who authored A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, 1792, a classic of rationalist feminism that is considered the earliest and most important treatise advocating equality for women.
Robert Owen
18th-century British reformer. He believed in socialism. His belief system, Owenism, posited that education and socialism could help cure social problems. He pushed for factory reform, encouraged the British working class to unionize, and managed a factory.
Adam Smith
18th-century Scottish economist, philosopher, and author who is considered the father of modern economics. Smith argued against mercantilism and was a major proponent of laissez-faire economic policies.
mercantilism (should know this from Unit 4)
a form of economic nationalism that sought to increase the prosperity and power of a nation through restrictive trade practices. (Sell goods to have “a bigger piece of the gold pie” because there was a fixed amount.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
a Swiss philosopher whose work both praised and criticised the Enlightenment movement. he also had ideas for better education.
baron de montesquieu
one of the most influential political philosophers of the Age of Enlightenment. His political theory work, particularly the idea of separation of powers, shaped the modern democratic government.
Voltarie
French Enlightenment writer, historian, and philosopher famous for his wit, his attacks on the established Catholic Church, and his advocacy of freedom of religion, freedom of expression, and separation of church and state.
john Locke
an English philosopher and political theorist, He is recognized as the founder of British empiricism and the author of the first systematic exposition and defense of political liberalism.
Thomas Hobbes
one of the founders of modern political philosophy.
Empiricism
a philosophical belief that states your knowledge of the world is based on your experiences, particularly your sensory experiences. (Reason over Religion or beliefs)
The Enlightenment
an intellectual and cultural movement in the eighteenth century that emphasized reason over superstition and science over blind faith. (1685)
America Revolution
1775
Nationalism
a strong attachment to a particular country, or nation.
Suffrage
Rights to Vote
