7.4 Flashcards
What were the results of the 1964 Gulf of Tonkin Resolution?
It led to increased U.S. military involvement in Vietnam.
What was the impact of the oil crisis of the 1970s?
It led to economic recession and increased energy awareness in many countries.
What was the Glasnost policy?
A policy of openness initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev in the Soviet Union allowing more transparency and freedom of expression.
What event marked the collapse of communist regimes in Eastern Europe?
The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989.
What was the role of the Warsaw Pact?
A military alliance of communist nations in Eastern Europe, established in response to NATO.
Define the term “proxy war.”
Conflicts where two opposing countries support rival sides in a third country’s conflict.
What was the significance of the civil rights movement in the U.S. during this period?
It aimed to end racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans.
Describe the role of women in the post-World War II era.
Women increasingly entered the workforce and began advocating for equal rights.
What impact did the space race have during the Cold War?
It spurred technological advancements and national pride, particularly for the U.S. and Soviet Union.
What led to the Iranian Revolution in 1979?
Discontent with the shah’s regime and desire for political and religious change.
What was the cultural impact of the rock ‘n’ roll movement?
It reflected and influenced social changes, particularly among youth in the 1950s and 1960s.
What legacy did the Cold War leave behind?
Continued geopolitical tensions, nuclear proliferation, and the restructuring of international relations.
What were the main motivations behind European imperialism in the late 19th century?
Economic gain, political power, cultural superiority, and strategic advantage.
How did the Industrial Revolution contribute to imperialism?
It increased the demand for raw materials and markets for goods, driving nations to seek colonies.
What was the Scramble for Africa?
The rapid invasion, colonization, and partitioning of African territories by European powers during the late 19th century.
Name the conference that regulated European colonization in Africa.
The Berlin Conference of 1884-1885.
What role did racism play in imperialism?
It justified the domination of non-European peoples under the belief of European superiority.
What was the primary goal of the Opium Wars between Britain and China?
To secure trade rights and opium sales for Britain in China.
Which event marked the beginning of the end of the Ottoman Empire?
The Balkan Wars and the rise of nationalist movements in the early 20th century.
What was the significance of the Meiji Restoration in Japan?
It marked the modernization and industrialization of Japan, enabling it to become an imperial power itself.
How did colonies respond to imperial rule?
Responses varied from collaboration to resistance, including revolts, reforms, and cultural changes.
What is the “White Man’s Burden”?
A poem by Rudyard Kipling that reflected the idea that it was the duty of Western powers to civilize non-Western peoples.
Describe the impact of imperialism on indigenous cultures.
It often led to cultural suppression, loss of land, and attempts at assimilation or Westernization.
What economic system emerged as a result of imperialism?
Capitalism, especially in the form of global trade networks and exploitation of colonized resources.
What was the Boxer Rebellion?
An anti-foreign, anti-colonial uprising in China in 1899-1901, aiming to expel foreign influence.
How did World War I affect imperialism?
The war weakened European powers, leading to the rise of nationalist movements in colonies and eventual independence struggles.
What was the role of nationalism in the context of imperialism and decolonization?
Nationalism fueled independence movements in colonized nations, leading to demands for self-determination and the end of colonial rule.
