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AICP Prep > Important People > Flashcards

Important People Flashcards

1
Q

Lawrence Veiller

A

Father of Modern Housing Code.
Recognized as the leading American proponent of housing standards, codes and enforcement during early 20th century. He campaigned successfully for the “new” tenement law of 1901.

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2
Q

Lincoln Steffens

A

Investigated corruption in city government at the turn of the century. Authored The Shame of the Cities (1904). Lived in Carmel-by-the-Sea.

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3
Q

Robert Moses

A

One of most powerful people in NY state government from 1930-1950s. He was chief in design and construction of more than 400 miles of parkways, the Triborough Bridge and Jones Beach.

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4
Q

Lewis Mumford

A

Promoted idea that planning should accentuate a natural relationship between people and their living spaces. Co-founder of Regional Planning Association of America with Clarence Stein. Author of The City in History (1961) and The Culture of Cities (1938).

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5
Q

Clarence Perry

A

Originated “neighborhood unit” concept in the 1920s. Author of Neighborhood Unit: A Scheme of Arrangement for the Family-Life Community, 1929.

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6
Q

Kevin Lynch

A

Author of Image of the City (1060) about how people perceive and organize spatial info as they navigate cities - involved paths, edges, nodes and landmarks. Professor at MIT.

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7
Q

Paul Davidoff

A

Father of Advocacy Planning.
Notable for winning Mt. Laurel cases challenging exclusionary zoning.
Founder of the Suburban Action Institute in 1969.

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8
Q

Edward Bassett

A

Father of Zoning. Chaired commission that produced NYC 1916 zoning code plan.

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9
Q

Jane Jacobs

A

The Life and Death of Great American Cities

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10
Q

George Kessler

A

Designed parks and parkways around turn of century. Designed Denver’s parks system in 1907.

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11
Q

T.J. Kent, Jr.

A

Author of The Urban General Plan (1964). First chairman of UC Berkeley’s graduate planning program - first on the west coast.

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12
Q

Sherry Arnstein

A

“Ladder of Citizen Participation” about hierarchy of public involvement.

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13
Q

Harland Bartholomew

A

First planner as city staff in St. Louis. Contributed to comprehensive planning

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14
Q

Catherine (Wurster) Bauer

A

Public housing. Author of Modern Housing, which influenced housing legislation f the New Deal. Laid foundations for Social Planning. She co-authored the 1937 Housing Act.

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15
Q

Edward Bennett

A

Co-authored 1909 Plan of Chicago with Daniel Burnham.

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16
Q

Elizabeth Herlihy

A

First woman member of the American City Planning Institute. Worked in Boston.

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17
Q

Theodora Hubbard

A

Author of first comprehensive bibliography on planning. Partner of Henry Hubbard, first chairman of Harvard’s planning program.

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18
Q

Pierre Charles L’Enfant

A

Parisian designer who did the 1792 Plan of Washington DC - radial streets, grand vistas.

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19
Q

Mary Simkhovitch

A

organized one of the nation’s first settlement houses, Greenwich House in NY. Was also involved in first national conference on City Planning in 1909.

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20
Q

Donald Shoup

A

Author of The High Cost of Free Parking, which studies parking as key link between transportation and land use.

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21
Q

Rexford Tugwell

A

Devised Greenbelt Towns plan to resettle Depression-era poor in suburban new towns (Maryland, Ohio, Wisconsin). He founded planning program at University of Chicago in 1946.

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22
Q

Lillian Wald

A

Advocate planner who sought legislative and design solutions for child welfare, transportation, housing, playground and open space. She helped organize the first national conference on city planning in 1909.

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23
Q

Saul Alinsky

A

Modern community organizing

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24
Q

Joel Garreau

A

Author of Edge City. These cities are built at the “automobile scale” rather than the human scale and usually have at least 5 million square feet of leasable office space and 600,000 square feet of retail space, and have more jobs than bedrooms.

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25
Q

Homer Hoyt

A

An economist with FHA in the 1930s. Author of Structure and Growth of Residential Neighborhoods in American Cities in 1939, advocating Sector Theory (which was disagreed with Burgess’ Concentric Circle Theory)

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26
Q

Frank Lloyd Wright

A

Braod Acre City concept - divorced city and suburb, and was architecturally focused. Author of The Disappearing City, 1932.

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27
Q

Patrick Geddes

A

Father of Regional Planning.
Author of Cities in Evolution, 1915, which was a comprehensive look at cities and linked social reform and urban environment.

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28
Q

LeCorbusier

A

City Functional, Radiant City

Toward a New Architecture

29
Q

Christaller

A

Central Place Theory, 1933

30
Q

Harvey Molotch

A

The City as Growth Machine

31
Q

Jacob Riis

A

Photojournalist exposing poor conditions in inner cities. How the Other Half Lives, 1890.
Children of the Poo 1892

32
Q

Gifford Pinchot

A

First Director of the Forest Service, 1905

Helped initiate conservation movement

33
Q

Jan Gehl

A

Author of Life Between Buildings, 1987

34
Q

Robert Putnam

A

Author of Bowling Alone, 2000

35
Q

Peter Calthorpe

A

The Regional City, 2000

36
Q

Vukan R. Vuchic

A

Author of Transportation for Livable Cities, 1999

Also Urban Transit, 2005

37
Q

Jim Kunstler

A

Author of Geography of Nowhere, 1994

38
Q

Randall Arendt

A

Author of Rural by Design, 1994

39
Q

Kenneth Jackson

A

Author of Crabgrass Frontier, 1985 - a definitive history of 20th century suburbanization

40
Q

Donald Appleyard

A

Author of Livable Streets, 1981 - traffic calming policies and ideas

41
Q

Ann Whinston Spirn

A

Author of The Granite Garden, 1984 - applied design with nature concepts to an urban setting.
Ecological Urbanism

42
Q

Dolores Hayden

A

Author of Redesigning the American Dream, 1984 - examined architecture of gender, and connections between physical environment and constructed social roles.

43
Q

William H. Whyte

A

Author of Social Life of Small Urban Spaces, 1980, and The Organization Man, 1956

44
Q

Allan Jacobs

A

Author of Making City Planning Work, 1978.

Former SF Planning Director

45
Q

Robert Caro

A

Author of Power Broker, 1974, definitive Robert Moses biography

46
Q

Paul & Percival Goodman

A

Authors of Communitas: Means of Livelihood and Ways of Life, 1947.
Posed 3 models of community based on consumption, art or liberty.

47
Q

Aldo Leopold

A

Author of a Sand County Almanac, 1949.
Originated concept of wildlife management.
Co-founder of Wilderness Society

48
Q

Frederick A. Von Hayek

A

Author of The Road to Serfdom, 1944. Nobel Prize winner Hayek argued that central economic planning led to serfdom. His influential theories reinforced libertarian views that hands-off approaches by government were needed to avoid tyranny. His work reemerged as an influence on governmental policy makers in the 1980s.

49
Q

Clarence Stein

A

Author of Toward New Towns for America, 1951.
Co-founder of Regional Planning Assoc of America.
Advocate for Federal new town planning program

50
Q

Benton MacKaye

A

Author of The New Exploration - a philosophy of regional planning. Linked land preservation for recreation and conservation.
Helped create Appalachian Trail

51
Q

Sir Raymond Unwin

A

Designed the first Garden suburbs in UK. Author of Town Planning in Practice, and An Intro to the Art of Designing Cities and Suburbs, `1909

52
Q

Daniel Burnham

A

Father of City Planning.

City Beautiful movement. Co-created Chicago Plan of 1909

53
Q

Ian McHarg

A

Father of Modern Ecology.

54
Q

Alfred Bettman

A

Champion for zoning in Euclid v Ambler, in general a key founder of modern urban planning.

55
Q

Louis Wirth

A

Key player in Chicago School of Sociology during 1930s and 40s. Author of Urbanism as a Way of Life in 1938

56
Q

Victor Gruen

A

Architect of first enclosed mall in Minnesota. Author of Centers for the Urban Environment in 1973, advocating for mixed use centers.

57
Q

John Wesley Powell

A

Proposed regional plan that would foster settlement of the west while conserving its scarce water resources. Author of Lands of the Arid Region of the US in 1878.

58
Q

Frederick Law Olmsted, Sr

A

Father of American Landscape Architecture. Designed Central Park in 1857, UC Berkeley and Stanford campuses.

59
Q

Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr

A

Designed numerous National Park Service sites, Palos Verdes Estates, and was co-founder of American Institute of Landscape Architects.

60
Q

John Muir

A

Successfully petitioned for Yosemite and Sequoia National Parks in 1890s. Created the Sierra Club same time.

61
Q

Jean Gottman

A

A French human geographer who coined the term Megopolis in 1954.

62
Q

Charles Lindblom

A

Incremental Planning - planning is more politically interactive and experiences, rather than scientific and comprehensive. Author of the Science of Muddling Through in 1959. Concept of “satisfice rather than maximize”

63
Q

Jane Addams

A

Founded Hull settlement house in Chicago in 1889, brought in social and educational services for the poor.

64
Q

Robert Weaver

A

HUD’s first secretary, and first black cabinet member in 1966-1968.

65
Q

Norman Krumholz

A

Equity planning

66
Q

Frederick Winslow Taylor

A

City Efficient - to eliminate waste in all areas of the economy and society ad implement best practices.

67
Q

Ebenezer Howard

A

Garden Cities. Ebenezer Howard wrote Tomorrow: A Peaceful Path to Reform in 1898; it was reissued as Garden Cities of Tomorrow in 1902

68
Q

Robert D. Bullard

A

Father of Environmental Justice. Led fight against disposal of superfund material placed in Warren County SC, predominantly black county, in 1980s-1990s

AICP Prep (9 decks)

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