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Architecture Theory > Important People > Flashcards

Important People Flashcards

1
Q

Alberti

A
  • father of Renaissance
  • wanted architecture to be an intellectual an social discipline
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2
Q

Serlio

A

-Founded the Royal Academy
-becomes the center for arch theory and sets tone for it

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3
Q

Lauiger

A
  • Primitive Hut (structural clarity)
    -apply rational decisions to natural materials
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4
Q

Otto Wagner

A
  • Founded Werkbund
  • architecture is rooted in program, not history
  • major themes:
  • simplicity in accommodation
  • artistic and ethical ruin of eclecticism
  • demand for new style based on present technological and constructional methods

-Modern Architecture (book) : architecture would no longer be based on symbolic form, but resulted from construction and technology

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5
Q

Herman Muthesius

A
  • wanted to turn away from decoration
  • art should engage in role of creating a meaningful environment
  • architecture has a social agenda
  • simple and natural
  • Like English house because straightforward approach to design needs of health, material, and construction
  • started Werkbund
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6
Q

Henry van de Velda

A
  • believed in individuality
  • wanted artists to have freedom to express themselves
  • artists should not just be part of capitalist society
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7
Q

Clement Greenberg

A
  • philosopher
  • wanted architects to address mainstream architecture in a critical way
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8
Q

Bruno Tout

A
  • Architect
  • talked about how there is nothing to build, and the current architecture made him sick
  • Glass Pavilion , Crystal Palace

THEORY: new materials that had no precedent

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9
Q

Walter Gropius

A
  • Founded Bauhaus
  • Initiated the change to make the school more tech oriented
  • focused on production of commodities
  • taught idea of hand crafts then transitioned to modern arch
  • taught at Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna
  • brought modernism into school
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10
Q

Le Corbusier

A
  • becomes interested in Taylorism, becomes guiding principle in his new look
  • Taylorism became embedded in Purism
  • ” Toward a New Architecture” (book) : talks about how architecture will redeem society and create social order
  • Housing should be massed produced like cars
  • no need for symbolism
  • comes up with five points of architecture
  • open floor
  • ribbon window
  • piloti
    -roof garden
  • free facade
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11
Q

Mies van der Rohe

A

-Less is more
- Final director of Bauhaus
- skin and bone architecture
- wanted students to work with materials such as wood, stone, reinforced concrete
- Barcelona Pavillion, Crown Hall (IT, Chicago )
- emphasizes volume over mass
-simplicity
-strip down architecture to its purest dorm
-take advantage of material and engineering
-introduces world to international style

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12
Q

CIAM

A
  • Le Corbusier’s group to argue the cause of modernism so there could be a fundamental change
    -International Congress of Modern Architecture
  • CIAM 4 : Athens charter
  • CIAM 9: intense modernism theories begin to crumble
  • CIAM 10 : Team X . The Smithsons (scale) ( house, street, district, city)
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13
Q

Buckminster Fuller

A
  • architect : work tends to be “dynamic”
  • idea of ecology and the ecology architecture created
    - how engineering plays a role
    - mobile lifestyle
    - radical forms of transformation
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14
Q

Reyner Banham

A
  • architectural critic
  • architecture could emerge as an infrastructure to life
  • movement is a constant feature of life
  • introduced time into architecture
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15
Q

Robert Venturi

A
  • complexity and contradiction
  • “Less is Bore”
  • Duck vs. Decorated Shed
  • Populism : merging arch with large scale urbanism
  • critique on modernism, more ways to look then simplicity
  • 4 themes of city
    -perception
    -messaging
    -meaning
    -modern image
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16
Q

Aldo Rossi

A
  • “The Architecture of the City”
  • focused on European City
  • Emphasis on exposition that endowed each city with a “Lived consciousness”
  • “City for the Dead” : fight against capitalism architecture and make to look like ruins
17
Q

Vitruvius

A

devine

18
Q

Peter Eiserman

A
  • student of Colin Rowe
  • House 1
    -Cardboard architecture
    -no meaning
  • neutral colors
  • one action repeated, created structure where structure wasn’t needed
  • abstract
  • Colin Rowe hated because had no social agenda
19
Q

Colin Rowe

A
  • created city collage: can’t solve w/ one solution but smaller individual ones
  • didn’t like Eiserman’s cardboard box arch
  • mathematics of a villa (book) : modular architecture
20
Q

Richard Rogers and Renzo Piano

A
  • worked on the Pompidou Center
  • stands out from Urban fabric
  • based info from form
  • high tech arch ( exoskeleton)
  • reflects new culture of info: open floor plan
  • complexity amplifies with adaptation and change
21
Q

Kenneth Frampton

A
  • Baukust
  • using regional materials, construction methods, and building types
22
Q

Bernard Tschumi

A
  • designed entry for parc de la villette
    -non linear grid w/ 25 intersection points
  • wrote article on eRUTism: arch is brutal to people and there space around them (ex. Pruitt Igoe)
  • wrote Manhattan Transcript : broke city into 4 episodes ( park , street, toner, housing block )
23
Q

Rem Koolhaas

A

-OMA
- said Manhattan has alot of evidence but no manifesto
- loved manhattan was congested
-wrote Delirious New York
- arch focused on innovation and study
- taught studios around data and research
-concerned with sociology

24
Q

Zaha Hadid

A
  • worked under Koolhaas
  • entered Hong Kong competition with peak leisure club
  • handed in paintings instead of floor plans
  • executes mountain and then polishes it
  • pushed beyond constructivist and supremist ideas
25
Q

Daniel Libes Kind

A
  • “Robe Goldberg Machine”
  • complexity and contradiction
  • memory machine complex machine for reading
    -Jewish museum in Berlin ( put plans on music sheets, symbolizes emotion and intellect )
  • Kay Michael Hayes ( complexity, opsitional knowledge, incomplete causes collision and diversity)
26
Q

Grey Lynn

A
  • Eiserman’s Student
  • did complex things through digital technology
  • organic
    -bridge gap between man made and natural
27
Q

Cecil Balmond

A
  • created parametric design
  • organic but fluid
    -Yokohama ports terminal foreign office architects
  • hallow and diagonal structure
  • inter wooven pathways
28
Q

John Simpson

A
  • agreed with traditionalism ( prince Charles)
  • in-charge of renovation of St. Peters Cathedral
  • inspired by Beachside, Florida

Architecture Theory (3 decks)

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