Important Molecule Receptors Flashcards
1
Q
Defensins/Cathelicidin LL37
A
Directly antimicrobial molecules
2
Q
TLR3
A
Endosome/cytoplasmic membrane (dsRNA).
-Signals through IRF3/NFkB/AP-1 to make IFN-beta, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-alpha
3
Q
TLR7/8
A
Endosome (ssRNA).
-Signals through MyD88–> AP-1, NFkB, IRF-7 to make IFN-alpha, TNF-alpha, IL-1, IL-6, IL-12
4
Q
RIG-1
A
Cytosolic.
Signals through IRF3/NFkB/AP-1 to make IFN-beta, TNF-alpha, IL-1, IL-6, IL-12
5
Q
IFN-alpha and IFN-beta (type 1 interferons)
A
Antiviral state.
- Activates DCs, NK cells, and macrophages.
- Promotes activation of adaptive immunity through DC activation.
- Acts directly on B and T cells
6
Q
IFN-gamma (type 2 interferon)
A
- Activates macrophages and regulates DC responses by inducing MHC class I and II.
- Increased endothelial cell adhesion.
- Helps polarize Th1 cells
- Activates CD8+ cells.
- Activates NK cells
7
Q
TNF-alpha
A
- Activates macrophages, granulocytes, and cytotoxic cells.
- Leukocyte/endothelial cell adhesion.
- Enhanced MHC class I production
- Fever
8
Q
IL-1
A
- Fever, acute inflammation
- Activates endothelium to produce adhesion molecules
- Induces chemokine secretion to recruit leukocytes
9
Q
IL-2
A
- Made by CD4+ T cells.
- Signals proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells
10
Q
IL-4
A
- B cell growth factor
- Isotype selection (IgE, IgG1)
- Induces polarization of Th0 cells to Th2 cells
- Polarizes macrophages to become M2 type
11
Q
IL-6
A
- Promotes hematopoiesis of neutrophils.
- Increases vascular permeability
- Fever
- Stimulates acute phase protein production
12
Q
IL-8
A
Major chemotactic factor for neutrophils
13
Q
IL-10
A
- Modulates immune response
- Inhibits actions of activated T cells.
- Shuts down additional activation of Th1 cells, NK cells, and macrophages by shutting down IL-12 production.
14
Q
IL-12
A
- Activates NK cells and naive CD8+ killer T cells.
- Induces polarization of Th1 cells leading to IFN-gamma production
15
Q
IL-13
A
- B cell growth and differentiation.
- Blocks IFN and TNF production
- Polarizes macrophages to become M2 type.
