Important Individuals in History

Question 1

Hippocrates

Answer 1

Greek Physician (doctor) who developed the theory that the body was made up of four humours. If they were out of balance, this would make a human sick.(Ancient)

Question 2

Galen

Answer 2

Roman physician and surgeon. He developed the theory of opposites that suggested to re-balance the humours, you would need to give someone an item that was the opposite of the problem.(Ancient)

Question 3

Van Helmont

Answer 3

He claimed in 1648 that digestion happened because of stomach acid, not because of anything to do with the Four Humours.(Renaissance)

Question 4

Thomas Sydenham

Answer 4

Wrote the Observationes Medicae (1676). This was a direct challenge to the very basis of the Four Humours. Sydenham theorised that disease happened because of things attacking the body, not because of imbalances within it.(Renaissance)

Question 5

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 5

He developed the first microscope with funding from the Royal Society. In 1702, he published images of what he called “animalcules”. They were in fact germs.(Renaissance)

Question 6

Lady Mary Montague

Answer 6

She observed the use of variolation (inoculation) in Asia and introduced it to Britain.(Industrial) 1721

Question 7

Thomas Dimsdale

Answer 7

He made inoculation popular in Britain during the 1700s.

Industrial

Question 8

Edward Jenner

Answer 8

Developed the first vaccination, for Smallpox, through observing milkmaids who seemed to be immune to it from contracting cowpox.1796 (Industrial)

Question 9

Edwin Chadwick

Answer 9

He published a report in 1842, that suggested the government needed to do more for the poor in big cities as a way of dealing with big outbreaks of illness.(Industrial)

Question 10

James Simpson

Answer 10

He developed the first popular anesthetic, after discovering chloroform. 1847(Industrial)

Question 11

Florence Nightingale

Answer 11

Improved hospital training and conditions after experiencing how bad things were in the Crimean War of 1853.(Industrial)

Question 12

John Snow

Answer 12

He made chloroform safer by inventing a dispenser. Later, in 1854, he used an outbreak of cholera in Soho, London to prove the link between water and that disease.(Industrial)

Question 13

Louis Pasteur

Answer 13

He published his 4 principles of germ theory in 1861. (Industrial)

Question 14

Robert Koch

Answer 14

Koch discovered specific germs for specific diseases in the 1880s, such as cholera and tuberculosis.(Industrial)

Question 15

Alexander Fleming

Answer 15

In 1928, he wrote a paper on the healing substance that surrounded mould.(Modern)

Question 16

Howard Florey and Ernst Chain

Answer 16

Developed penicillin using the principles of the research of Alexander Fleming.(Modern)