Important Definitions/Explanations

Question 1

random error

Answer 1

random errors are errors of measurements in which the measured quantities differ randomly from the mean value with different magnitudes and directions.

Question 2

systematic errors

Answer 2

systematic errors are errors of measurements in which the measured quantities are displaced from the true value by fixed magnitude and in the same direction.

Question 3

Newton First Law

Answer 3

an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion at constant velocity in the absence of an external resultant force.

Question 4

Newton Second Law

Answer 4

the rate of change of momentum of a body is directly proportional to the resultant force acting on it and occurs in the direction of the resultant force.

Question 5

Newton Third Law

Answer 5

if body A exerts a force on body B, then body B exerts a force of the same kind that is equal in magnitude but in the opposite direction on body A

Question 6

Hooke’s law

Answer 6

the force applied is directly proportional to the extension in a material if its limit of proportionality is not exceeded.

Question 7

Principle of conservation of energy

Answer 7

energy can never be created or destroyed in any process, it can be transformed from one form to another, and transferred from one body to another