Important concepts and principles in quantitative research designs Flashcards
What is the ultimate aim of research in health sciences?
To provide strong evidence on which the practice of quality care can be based.
What are key characteristics of a good research question?
specific, precise, not too narrow or too broad
What is the main goal of quantitative research?
To determine a relationship between or within variables through systematic, empirical investigation of observable phenomena using statistical, mathematical, or numerical data.
What is the starting point of quantitative research?
Hypothesis formulation.
What are the main steps in the quantitative research process?
Idea generation, hypothesis formulation, study design, literature review, sample definition, data collection, data analysis, and reporting results.
How are quantitative studies classified based on time dimension?
They can be classified as cross-sectional (specific point in time) or longitudinal (extended period of time).
What is a prospective study in quantitative research?
A study where data about a presumed cause are collected first, followed by measurement of the effect or outcome
What is a retrospective study in quantitative research?
A study where data on an outcome occurring in the present is linked to determinants from the past.
How does quantitative research differ from qualitative research?
Quantitative research focuses on hypothesis-driven, numerical data analysis, while qualitative research explores understanding through subjective data.
What is the purpose of rigour in quantitative research?
To ensure systematic design, interpretation, and the study’s validity, precision, and reproducibility.
Define causality in the context of quantitative research.
It refers to the relationship where causes lead to specific effects, such as “smoking causes lung cancer.”
What does probability refer to in quantitative research?
Relative causality, where a particular cause will probably lead to a specific effect, but not every time.
