important breeding Flashcards
What is selective breeding?
Selective breeding involves selecting parents with desirable traits to pass those characteristics to their offspring.
What is pure-line selection?
Pure-line selection involves selecting and breeding progeny from superior organisms for several generations until a pure line with desired traits is established.
What is mass selection?
Mass selection involves selecting individuals with similar phenotypes from a population to improve a specific character in the population without progeny testing.
What is intra-specific hybridization?
Intra-specific hybridization is the crossing of two varieties within the same species.
What is the pedigree method in hybridization?
The pedigree method involves hybridizing two parents, usually a commercial variety and a parent with a superior trait, aiming to retain the commercial traits and add the superior trait.
What is the bulk method of breeding?
The bulk method involves hybridizing two parents and growing subsequent generations in bulk populations until the F6 generation.
What is the single seed descent (SSD) method?
SSD involves advancing plant lines by using a single seed from each plant’s progeny, rather than using single plant selection, particularly in self-pollinated plants.
What is inter-specific hybridization?
Inter-specific hybridization is the crossing of two different species within the same genus.
What is the backcross method?
The backcross method involves crossing an F1 hybrid or its progeny with one of its original parents, repeating the process for several generations.
What is multi-line varietal breeding?
Multi-line varieties are mixtures of several pure lines with similar agronomic traits but different genes for disease resistance.
What is the population approach to breeding?
The population approach involves treating a group of crosses as a single population and maximizing genetic improvement through cycles of recombination and selection.
What is polyploidy breeding?
Polyploidy breeding involves doubling the chromosomes of plants to increase vigour and improve performance in certain traits compared to diploid relatives
