importance of meiosis

Question 1

what does meiosis produce?

Answer 1

four genetically different haploid cells.

Question 2

outline the two reasons meiosis is importance?

Answer 2

Production of haploid gametes - This allows sexual reproduction to take place.
Creates genetic variation - This increases diversity, allowing natural selection to take place.

Question 3

what are the two ways genetic variation can occur through?

Answer 3

crossing over
random segregation

Question 4

when does crossing crossing over occur?

Answer 4

prophase 1

Question 5

what are the steps of crossing over?

Answer 5

During prophase I, the homologous chromosomes condense and pair up.
The chromatids of each chromosome then twist around one another, forming a chiasmata.
When the chromosomes are separated during anaphase I, the chromatids break at the chiasmata and then reconnect to the chromatid from the homologous chromosome

Question 6

how does crossing over cause genetic variation?

Answer 6

swaps alleles between the homologous chromosomes to produce different combinations on each chromosome.

Question 7

when does independant segregation occur?

Answer 7

metaphase 1

Question 8

describe independent segregation

Answer 8

pairs of homologous chromosomes line up along the cell’s equator. However, whether the paternal or maternal chromosomes appears on the left or right is completely random. As a result, which chromosomes end up in each daughter cell is also random.

Question 9

how to calculate genetic variantion

Answer 9

2^n
wher n i sthe number of pairs of chromosoms

Question 10

how do you calculate the umber of genetically diffrent zygotes that are possible from 2 parents?

Answer 10

(2^n)^2