Implicit Bias Flashcards
What is bias?
Bias is a preference for one characteristic over another
What is an explicit bias?
A bias that you are aware that you have, and have some direct control over
What is the difference between explicit and implicit bias?
Implicit bias is:
- expressed indirectly
- someone is unaware of the bias
- it operates subconsciously
- e.g. sitting further away from someone
What is implicit bias an umbrella term for?
- implicit attitudes
2. implicit stereotypes
What is an implicit attitude?
An attitude is a feeling (evaluation) about a concept
An implicit attitude is less accessible to conscious awareness and control
What is an example of an implicit attitude?
Picking more boys for a maths team as you think that boys are better at maths
What is a stereotype?
The belief that most members of a group have the same characteristic
What is an example of an implicit stereotype?
It is relatively inaccessible to conscious awareness and control
e.g. associating surgery more strongly with men without being actively aware of it
Can implicit biases be changed?
They can be addressed and changed
What are the 3 cognitive biases?
- confirmation bias
- anchoring effect
- framing effect
What is the confirmation bias?
We focus on the data that is in favour of the hypothesis and remember things selectively
What is meant by the anchoring effect?
Relying on 1 piece of information to make a decision
This may be the first piece of information that is given
What is meant by the framing effect?
Drawing different conclusions from the same information depending how or by whom the information is presented
What is the definition of feedback?
Information communicated to the learner that is intended to modify his or her thinking or behaviour to improve learning
What 4 things should feedback be?
- non-evaluative
- supportive
- timely
- specific
What does the SARA model show?
An overview of how people often react when they get feedback that they didnt expect
What are the 4 stages of the SARA model?
- shock
- anger
- resistance
- acceptance
What should be avoided when giving feedback?
Criticism of the ‘self’ or person
The effect on self-esteem may not contribute to self improvement
What is the start, stop, continue technique?
- the learner STARTs by reflecting on what they have done well
- the learner identifies what they should STOP doing in the future
- the learner identifies what they should CONTINUE doing in the future
What are the 7 characteristics of good feedback?
- clarifies what good performance is
- develops self-assessment
- contains high quality information
- encourages dialogue
- encourages postive motivation and self-esteem
- closes the gap between actual and desired performance
- helps shape teaching
