Implementing Injury Prevention

Question 1

What is the ‘new framework’ updating the ‘Van Mechelen Model’ of injury prevention by Finch (2006)?

Answer 1

1: Injury Surveillance
2: Mechanisms of Injury
3: Preventative Measures
4: ‘Ideal Conditions/Scientific Evaluation’
5: Describe intervention context to inform implementation strategy
6: Evaluate effectiveness in implementation context

Question 2

How do you select the injury to apply an injury prevention intervention to?

Answer 2

• Modifiable vs non-modifiable factors
• Biggest time loss
• Most frequent

Question 3

What is the ‘hierarchy of controls’ that describes what can be done to prevent injury due to a certain risk factor

Answer 3

• Elimination
• Substitution
• Engineering controls - Changing technique
• Administrative Controls - Change the rules
• Personal Protective Equipment - Change the equipment

Question 4

What is the ‘ideal conditions/scientific evaluation’ section of the revised injury prevention model?

Answer 4

-Efficacy trials to see if the prevention will have the desired effect in an ideal, controlled scenario

Question 5

Why would an intervention fail in an ideal, controlled scenario?

Answer 5

• Wrong match between risk factors and outcomes

- Low Compliance (Dose response relationship; people have to keep doing it for it to work)

Question 6

What are important factors that determine the ‘implementation context’ of an intervention strategy?

Answer 6

• Demographic: Role, skill level
• Setting/culture
• Percieved/actual barriers
• Percieved/actual resources

Question 7

What is Efficacy?

Answer 7

-Benefit of intervention compared to a control

Question 8

What is effectiveness?

Answer 8

-Benefit of an intervention in the ‘real world’ where all conditions cannot be controlled

Question 9

What is the difference between intervention compliance and intervention adherence?

Answer 9

• Compliance: doing it because they’re told in a study

- Adherence: doing it voluntarily over not doing it

Question 10

Efficacy is to effectivness as compliance is to what?

Answer 10

Adherence

Question 11

How do you fix low compliance/adherence?

Answer 11

Change the intervention, or change the delivery

Question 12

How could you change intervention delivery to make adherence more effective?

Answer 12

Change who it’s pitched to (individual, coaches, family, governing body)