Implants Flashcards
What are the three components of an implant?
implant Fixture
implant Abutment
implant Restoration
(FAR)
What are the desired properties of the implant fixture (the part in the bone)?
- sufficient strength to withstand occlusal force
- elastic modulus to withstand permanent deformation and optimum force transfer
- oxide layer to promote integration
True or False: the Oxide layer inhibits integration.
False, promotes!
The ____, _____, and _____ contribute to bone formation on the implant surface.
osteoblasts
osteoid
mineralized matrix
What consistutes a stable oxide film on the implant surface?
- stability over various pH
- protective
- good adherence
______ has excellent bio-compatibility.
Titanium
True or False: Titanium is corrosion resistant.
True
Titanium has low ____ and is _____.
density
light weight
What is the alpha and beta phase of titanium?
alpha: hexagonal, close-packed lattice
beta: body-centered cubic
The four grades of commercially pure titanium are based on impurities of ____, _____, and _____.
oxygen
iron
Nitrogen (..and maybe Carbon/Hydrogen too)
I.O.N
Which grade of titanium is purest?
Grade I
Which grade of titanium is the softest?
Grade I
Which type of titanium is commonly used?
Type 4
Which elements are used as alpha-stabilizers in titanium alloys?
aluminum, carbon, gallium, oxygen, nitrogen
C.O.N.G.A
Which elements are used as beta-stabilizers in titanium alloy?
nickel, copper, palladium, vanadium
Which type of titanium is most commonly used for implants?
Ti-6Al-4V
```
aluminum = alpha
(vanadium = beta)
~~~
What type of implant has been newly developed to use as an esthetic solution for thin gingiva?
zirconia
True or False: Yttria Oxide is added to zicronia to stabilize it at room temperature.
True
Typical dimensions of a one-piece zirconia dental implant.
- 1, 3.3mm diameter
4. 0, 5.5mm abutment height
True or False: there is a combo titanium-zirconium implant.
True
What is the percent zirconia in a combo implant?
13-17 %
What are the benefits to a zirconia-titanium implant?
higher tensile strength better bone integration more bone growth higher removal torque better for narrow spaces
How can the implant surface be altered (four ways).
Plasma Spraying
Grit Blasting
Acid Etching
Anodization
What is plasma spraying?
coating of the titanium surface with hydroxyapatite, fluorapatite, or calcium phosphate
What is grit blasting?
micro-abrasive blasting with titania, alumina, or calcium phosphate
What is acid etching?
roughening of the implant surface via hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, or nitric acid at high temperatures
What is anodization?
oxide films are deposited on surface through an electrochemical reaction in order to improve adhesion and bonding
Anode = titanium
Acid = electrolyte
What are three examples of biologic coatings that can be added to the implant surface?
- statin- BMP
- Antibiotics
- Growth Factors (TGFbeta, BMP, etc.)
True or False: Zirconia and Titanium abutments can be either prefabricated or custom.
True
True or False: Cast noble metal alloy abutments are custom made only.
True, they cannot be prefab
True or False: Zirconium is higher in density, Knoop hardness, and Young’s Modulus than titanium.
True
Describe the milling of zirconia.
- a thick disc (98mm) is pressed in its green state
- dry milling
- sintered with stains added
- feldspathic procelain added
Abutments of zirconia are either milled as one piece or a ______ is cemented.
titanium base
An impression is either ____ level or ____ level
implant (fixture)
abutment
True or False: the implant level impression can be closed tray or open tray.
True
True or False: the Abutment level impression can be closed tray only.
True
For an implant level impression, the impression is taken ______.
subgingivally at the fixture level
For an abutment level impression, the impression is taken ____.
at the level of the restoration
What type of alloy is used for cast abutments?
Type 2 or 3
For a screw retained implant crown, describe the steps of fabrication.
- waxed
- cut back
- cast
- porcelain applied
In designing an abutment via CAD/CAM, what are three characteristics that are controlled?
- height-to-base ratio
- taper
- ensure support for restoration
True or False: Titanium abutments can be anodized with gold hues for the anterior esthetic region
True
Titanium abutments typically have ____ retained crowns.
cement
What is the main benefit of cement retained crowns? other benefits?
esthetics
familiar
passive seating
no access hole
What is a disadvantage of cement-retained restorations?
- must have retention and resistance form in abutment
- residual cement could cause soft tissue irritation
What is the main advantage to screw-retained restorations? other advantages?
retrievable
one piece
good for short crowns
good for soft tissue
visibility of access hole
What are the disadvantages to screw retained restorations?
lab cost
visibility of access hole
For anterior implants: Zirconia abutments can pair with _____ or _____.
Titanium abutments can pair with ______.
Zirconia:
- Zirconia crown
- Lithium Disilicate crown (emax)
Titanium:
- PFM crown
- NOOOOO all ceramic (show through)
True or False: For posterior implants, it is acceptable to place a zirconia crown or PFM crown on a titanium abutment.
True
True of False: Screw retained crowns are most often PFM.
True
Frameworks for implant supported dentures or FPDs can be of what materials?
- nobel metal
- titanium
* 3. zirconia= only for FPD and hybrids - Milled Poly-ether (PAEK, PEEK, PEKK)
Which poly-ether material has greater compression strength and is light-weight/rigid?
PEKK
that’s the one
i’d pick (pekk)
