Impact of training on lifesyle disease

Question 1

What is atherosclerosis?

Answer 1

Fatty plaque development in the aeterial walls progressively narrowing the lumen and hardening the walls

Question 2

What occurs as a result of atherosclerosis?

Answer 2

-Fatty plaque development in the arterial walls
-Narrow lumen
-Reduced space for blood to flow, increased chance of blood clots
-Arterial walls harden, reducing their ability to vasodilate and constrict to regulate blood pressure
-Chronic hypertension (high blood pressure) develops overtime

Question 3

What is coronary heart disease (CHD)

Answer 3

-Results from atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries
-Results in a reduction of blood flow and oxygen
-Limits hearts ability to respire and angina or heart attack may occur
-2.3 million people in the UK have CHD

Question 4

What is angina?

Answer 4

Chest pain caused by partial blockage of the coronary arteries, and a lack of O2

Question 5

Definition of heart attack

Answer 5

Sudden or severe blockage of coronary artery cutting off oxygenated blood flow to an area of cardiac muscle

Question 6

How common are heart attacks?

Answer 6

-Every 3 minutes in the UK
-30% of heart attacks are fatal, 190 loose there life each day

Question 7

What is a stroke?

Answer 7

A blockage in a cerebral artery cutting off the blood supply to the brain (ischeamic stroke) or a blood vessel bursting within or on the surface of the brain (haemorrhagic)

Question 8

How many people are affected by strokes?

Answer 8

1 person in every 3.5 minutes

Question 9

What is the intervention for cardiovascular disease?

Answer 9

Endurance exercise (ACSM): 30 minutes, 5 times a week, 50-80% of max HR, eg. jogging, cycling, swimming

Diet: 55% carbs, 15% proteins, 30% fats, 5 fruit and veg,
-less saturated fats, salts and alcohol

Question 10

What are the positivities of exercise on cardiovascular disease?

Answer 10

-reduced levels of fats and cholestol and having more HDL cholesterol than LDL will slow the development of atherosclerosis
-prevent the hardening and loss of elasticity in arterial walls
-decreased blood viscosity and resistance to blood flow, prevent blood clots and reduce blood pressure,
-increased blood flow and O2 transportation, easier to perform exercise and reduced onset fatigue
-decreased body weight, less strain on the heart
-cardiac hypertrophy, increased ventricular contractibility and SV, increased efficiency of the heart, resting HR is reduced and strain on heart is reduced, lower blood pressure, reduce risk of heart attacks